Kramers-Kronig relation based direct detection for unrepeated long-haul lightwave transmission

Abstract

We numerically study transmission limitations of an unrepeated optical link using Kramers-Kronig (KK) relation-based direct detection. The transmission distance is limited by the thermal noise of the optical front-end and the signal distortions caused by fiber nonlinearity in optical amplifierfree transmission and by amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise and fiber nonlinearities when pre-amplification is enabled at the receiver. The transmission limits of QPSK, 16-QAM, and 64-QAM modulation formats in optical amplifier-free 25-GBaud transmission can be extended from 109, 80, and 52 km to 186, 134, and 90 km by enabling pre-amplification at the receiver, respectively.

Comprehensive Survey of Research on Emerging Communication Technologies from ICETC2020

“…In addition, [52] demonstrated a low-nonlinearity, dispersion-compensated transmission line for an ultrahighspeed coherent Nyquist pulse transmission, and [25] investigated the restoration of the waveform after transmission through a four-mode fiber using signal processing by a neural network (NN). [146] investigated the dependence of fiber fuse suppression in a single-mode fiber on the input power of an amplitude modulation, and [147] studied the quality of the received signal numerically when Kramers-Kronig reception is applied to unrepeated long-haul transmission. The authors of [134] proposed a support vector machine (SVM)based optical nonlinear equalization scheme, while the authors of [137] investigated the performance of an artificial NN-based digital nonlinear equalizer for optical nonlinearity compensation.…”