Kraton based ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator

Inamuddin, .; Khan, Ajahar; Luqman, Mohammad; Dutta, Ashish

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2014.04.015

Cited by 45 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is observed from Figure 9 that the current density of IPMC membrane increases significantly with the applied voltage. The higher current density of PAN-KR-GR-Pt-based IPMC membrane than several reported IPMC membrane (Inamuddin et al, 2014; Luqman et al, 2011) is due to high IEC, uniform electroding, smoothness of the electrode surface, and high proton conductivity. Higher the current density, higher the performance of IPMC, by a larger deformation under an applied electric potential.…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Therefore, significant contributions have been made to extend the work in the area of IPMCs which are capable to replace perfluorinated polymerbased IPMCs. Various types of nonperfluorinated ionomeric materials such as kraton (KR; Inamuddin et al, 2014), sulfonated polysulfone (Tang et al, 2014), sulfonated polystyrene (Luqman et al, 2011), sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (Wiles et al, 2007), sulfonated polyetherimides (Rajagopalan et al, 2010;Rajagopalan and Oh, 2011), and sulfonated polyimides (Song et al, 2011) have been used to develop IPMC actuators. However, various critical issues are still unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

Inamuddin

Khan

Jain

et al. 2015

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In this article, polyacrylonitrile-kraton-graphene (PAN-KR-GR) ionomeric polymer membrane sandwiched between Pt electrode-based ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator is developed. The aim of this study is to design and prepare multifunctional ionic polymer-metal composite membrane for robotic application. The water uptake capacity and ion exchange capacity of polyacrylonitrile-kraton-graphene ionomeric membrane is 133.33% at 45°C for 8 h of immersion and 1.4 meq g 21 of dry membrane, respectively. Proton conductivity and maximum water loss of ionic polymer-metal composite membrane is 5.26 mS cm 21 and 38% after applying 7 V for 12 min, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs shows the smooth and uniform coating of platinum (Pt). Cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and tip displacement of PAN-KR-GR-Pt IPMC membrane are also examined. A multifinger-based gripping system for dexterous handling is developed for robotic application.

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Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

Inamuddin

Khan

Jain

et al. 2015

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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“…A combination of large surface area and electrical conductivity of the individual functionalized CNT nanoparticles and excellent electrochemical properties of the composite materials provides good physiochemical properties and actuation performance to the prepared IPMC membranes. The developed SPEES-SWNT-Pt composite based IPMC membrane actuator exhibited higher current density, IEC, mechanical strength, proton conductivity, large and fast bending actuation as compared to previous development 1,30,31 . When operated at low applied voltage, this device inherently was capable of rapid operation with long lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Electroactive polymers (EAPs) that responed to electrical stimulation are referred to as smart materials 1,2 . Migration of ions under electrical response within the polymer matrix can be realized by EAPs including ion exchange membranes 3 , solid electrolyte composites containing ionic liquid 4 , conducting polymers 5 and ionic gels 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Migration of ions under electrical response within the polymer matrix can be realized by EAPs including ion exchange membranes 3 , solid electrolyte composites containing ionic liquid 4 , conducting polymers 5 and ionic gels 6 . EAPs based ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) with points of interest of simple preparing, adaptability and lightweight 1 , regularly alluded to as ‘artificial muscles’ which have advanced as a promising antecedent in biomedical frameworks and naturally enlivened robots 7–11 . To meet specific requirements electromechanical properties of polymer materials can be fine-tuned during the fabrication of IPMCs actuator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development, Characterization and Electromechanical Actuation Behavior of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Actuator based on Sulfonated Poly(1,4-phenylene ether-ether-sulfone)/Carbon Nanotubes

Khan

Jain

Banerjee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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This paper presents the development of new cost-effective hybrid-type sulfonated poly(1,4-phenylene ether-ether-sulfone) (SPEES) and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) based actuators produced by the film-casting method followed by chemical reduction of Pt ions as electrodes. The preparation of SPEES was investigated in details and sulfonation of polymer was characterized by ion exchange capacity (IEC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and degree of sulfonation measurements. SPEES having degree of sulfonation of 126% was blended with SWNT and used to fabricate IPMC actuator. The chemical composition and detailed structure of SPEES-SWNT ionic polymer membranes were confirmed by FTIR, EDX and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed the homogeneously distributed layers of Pt electrodes on the surfaces of IPMC membrane. The electrochemical and electromechanical properties of SPEES-SWNT-Pt-based IPMC actuator shows a better actuation performance than conventional IPMC actuators in terms of higher IEC, Proton conductivity, higher current density, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and large bending deflection. The robust, flexible and mechanically strong membranes prepared by the synergistic combination of SPEES and SWNT may have considerable potential as actuator materials for robotic and biomimetic applications.

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A Review of Recent Advances in Electrically Driven Polymer‐Based Flexible Actuators: Smart Materials, Structures, and Their Applications

Ahn

Choi

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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Polymer-based flexible actuators have recently attracted significant attention owing to their great potentials in soft robotics, wearables, haptics, and medical devices. In particular, electrically driven polymer-based flexible actuators are considered as some of the most practical actuators because they can be driven by a simple electrical power source. Over the past decade, research on electrically driven soft actuators has greatly progressed, leading to the development of various functional materials and bioinspired structures. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in electrically driven soft actuators and compares their actuation performance based on working principles, materials, and structures. Several strategies, including combining smart materials and composite structures, which are proposed to overcome some of the drawbacks of electrically driven soft actuators, are also discussed. Finally, potential applications of electrically driven soft actuators in soft robotics are summarized and an outlook is presented.

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Kraton based ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

Development, Characterization and Electromechanical Actuation Behavior of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Actuator based on Sulfonated Poly(1,4-phenylene ether-ether-sulfone)/Carbon Nanotubes

A Review of Recent Advances in Electrically Driven Polymer‐Based Flexible Actuators: Smart Materials, Structures, and Their Applications

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