Krill Oil Supplementation Reduces Exacerbated Hepatic Steatosis Induced by Thermoneutral Housing in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity

Abstract

Preclinical evidence suggests that n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA (Omega-3) supplemented as phospholipids (PLs) may be more effective than triacylglycerols (TAGs) in reducing hepatic steatosis. To further test the ability of Omega-3 PLs to alleviate liver steatosis, we used a model of exacerbated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on high-fat feeding at thermoneutral temperature. Male C57BL/6N mice were fed for 24 weeks a lard-based diet given either alone (LHF) or supplemented with Omega-3 (30 mg/g diet) as PLs (krill oil; ω3PL) or TAGs (Epax 3000TG concentrate; ω3TG), which had a similar total content of EPA and DHA and their ratio. Substantial levels of TAG accumulation (~250 mg/g) but relatively low inflammation/fibrosis levels were achieved in the livers of control LHF mice. Liver steatosis was reduced by >40% in the ω3PL but not ω3TG group, and plasma ALT levels were markedly reduced (by 68%) in ω3PL mice as well. Krill oil administration also improved hepatic insulin sensitivity, and its effects were associated with high plasma adiponectin levels (150% of LHF mice) along with superior bioavailability of EPA, increased content of alkaloids stachydrine and trigonelline, suppression of lipogenic gene expression, and decreased diacylglycerol levels in the liver. This study reveals that in addition to Omega-3 PLs, other constituents of krill oil, such as alkaloids, may contribute to its strong antisteatotic effects in the liver.

Krill Oil Alleviated Methamphetamine-Induced Memory Impairment via the MAPK Signaling Pathway and Dopaminergic Synapse Pathway

“…Krill oil, extracted from small Antarctic krill, has been reported to have health benefits, including improved memory impairment, systemic inflammation, glucose metabolism, and hepatic steatosis (Kwantes and Grundmann 2015;Sistilli et al, 2021;. This study aimed to assess the ability of krill oil supplementation to affect memory dysfunction induced by METH in mice and figure out the possible mechanism.…”

Advances in Technologies for Highly Active Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Krill Oil: Clinical Applications

“…Krill oil also reduced body weight gain, reduced fat accumulation in adipose and liver tissue, lowered serum density of lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) content and ameliorated glucose tolerance. In addition, krill oil feeding also reduced oxidative damage in the liver [115].…”

Knock-Out of ACBD3 Leads to Dispersed Golgi Structure, but Unaffected Mitochondrial Functions in HEK293 and HeLa Cells

“…Samples were processed via LC−MS workflow LIMeX (LIpids, Metabolites, and eXposome compounds) for simultaneous extraction of complex lipids, polar metabolites, and exposome compounds that combines an LC−MS untargeted and targeted analysis. The extraction of metabolites was carried out using a biphasic solvent system of cold methanol, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), and 10% methanol [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”