Ku-Band Long Distance Site-Diversity (SD) Characteristics Using New Measuring System

Hatsuda, Tetsuo; Aoki, Yoshinao; Echigo, Hiroshi; Takahata, Fumio; Maekawa, Yasunori; Fujisaki, Keisuke

doi:10.1109/tap.2004.829845

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In this case, the gain of the satellite transponder is constant regardless of up-link signal strength, so we can detect up-link attenuation of one station from down-link signal strength of the other station (Hatsuda et al 2004). Although a dynamic range of the attenuation measurements depends on a clear sky level, we can usually estimate rain attenuation down to 20 dB.…”

Section: Estimation Of Up-link and Down-link Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tropical Rainfall to the Ku-Band Satellite Communications Links at the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory

Maekawa

Fujiwara

Shibagaki

et al. 2006

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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This study investigates the effects of tropical rainfall on the Ku-band satellite communications links that connect Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University in Japan to Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory (EAR; 0.2 S, 100.3 E) in Indonesia, using the satellite Superbird C (144 E in orbit). Rain attenuation of the up-and down-link radio wave signals is, for the first time, obtained at the same time in the tropics, monitoring each signal level that has been received at both stations in Japan and Indonesia for the past three years from 2003 to 2005. The up-link attenuation at each station can be estimated from the down-link signal level measured at its opposite station, because SCPC (Single Channel Per Carrier) signals used in this experiment are linearly amplified without saturation of the satellite transponders. At EAR in Indonesia, a slightly larger attenuation ratio between up and down links is statistically presented for the attenuation range of higher that 10 dB, suggesting the effects of smaller raindrop size distributions (DSD) than observed at RISH in Japan. This tendency is more conspicuous in the rainfall events when the observed attenuation shows only one peak in its time series, indicating the effects of simple convective precipitating clouds with one single cell. At RISH in Japan, a larger difference between worst month and yearly average statistics is found, due to a larger variation of the ground temperature that affects the slant-path length during the seasons, although the yearly average time percentages as such are larger at EAR than RISH up to the up-link attenuation of 15 dB. Using time percentages of their local rainfall rates, fairly good agreement is found between the observations and the ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication Sector) predictions for both locations. At EAR in Indonesia, however, the time percentages of the attenuation of more than 10 dB become significantly smaller than those predicted by the ITU-R methods for both up and down links. This indicates the remarkable reduction of equivalent path lengths down to about 2 km, caused by a fairly localized structure of convective precipitating clouds. Simultaneous X band radar observations have revealed that intense echo cores of typical rain cells causing severe attenuation are confined to about 2 km along the propagation path. This result, which seems rather small even compared with those obtained in other tropical observation sites, may be attributed to unique features of the EAR site that is located in a highland basin 865 m above the mean sea level and frequently observes simple precipitating clouds with a single cell.

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Section: Estimation Of Up-link and Down-link Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tropical Rainfall to the Ku-Band Satellite Communications Links at the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory

Maekawa

Fujiwara

Shibagaki

et al. 2006

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…Advantages ITU-R P.618 showed good performance in a tropical Malaysian experiment [8,111], Italy [112], and a site diversity study in Japan showed good performance [113].…”

Section: Itu-r P618 Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Rain Fade Models for Earth–Space Telecommunication Links—Taxonomy, Methods, and Comparative Study

2021

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Satellite communication is a promising transmission technique to implement 5G and beyond networks. Attenuation due to rain begins at a frequency of 10 GHz in temperate regions. However, some research indicates that such attenuation effects start from 5–7 GHz, especially in tropical regions. Therefore, modeling rain attenuation is significant for propagating electromagnetic waves to achieve the required quality of service. In this survey, different slant link rain attenuation prediction models have been examined, classified, and analyzed, and various features like improvements, drawbacks, and particular aspects of these models have been tabulated. This survey provides various techniques for obtaining input data sets, including rain height, efficient trajectory length measurement techniques, and rainfall rate conversion procedures. No survey of the Earth–space link models for rain attenuation is available to the best of our knowledge. In this study, 23 rain attenuation models have been investigated. For easy readability and conciseness, the details of each model have not been included. The comparative analysis will assist in propagation modeling and planning the link budget of slant links.

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“…There are several diversity techniques, including site, time, frequency, and orbit diversity. One diversity method that can be used when large attenuation is present is site diversity , in which two or more stations are used. The distance between the main and diversity sites should be sufficiently large to overcome the effects of rain attenuation, but as short as possible in order to reduce unnecessary costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction model of time diversity using Japan rain radar data

Chodkaveekityada

Fukuchi

2016

Satell Commun Network

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Summary The effects of rain attenuation on communication systems will become more pronounced in future satellite communication systems, especially with the planned use of the 21‐GHz band or higher‐frequency bands. Diversity techniques provide a solution to mitigate rain attenuation effects. This study proposes a time diversity technique, one such technique that is likely to demonstrate high effectiveness. To model the system, rainfall rate statistics are necessary, and reliability is improved as the amount of statistical data increases. This paper derives the cumulative distribution of the rainfall rate across Japan over 4 years using rain radar data from the automated meteorological data acquisition system and ground‐based rain radar network and evaluates the rainfall rate at 23 observation points across Japan. We carry out a performance evaluation for all locations within Japan to confirm the efficiency of the time diversity method. Finally, we propose prediction model of the time diversity gain for Japan and other significant parameter which is time correlation of rainfall rate that was found from the time diversity results for further investigation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Ku-Band Long Distance Site-Diversity (SD) Characteristics Using New Measuring System

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of Tropical Rainfall to the Ku-Band Satellite Communications Links at the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory

Effects of Tropical Rainfall to the Ku-Band Satellite Communications Links at the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory

A Survey of Rain Fade Models for Earth–Space Telecommunication Links—Taxonomy, Methods, and Comparative Study

Prediction model of time diversity using Japan rain radar data

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