Kunststoffidentifikation und ‐sortierung in der Circular Economy durch Fluoreszenzmarker

Woidasky, Jörg; Moesslein, Jochen; Wendler, Pascal; Kirchenbauer, Daniel; Wacker, Dirk; Gao, Guojun; Lang‐Koetz, Claus

doi:10.1002/cite.201900126

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The technologies that can be envisaged for such sorting include built-in marcers based on fluorescence, photoluminescence, or digital watermarks, which enable identification and sorting. [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. One option for sorting multilayer packaging without markers is based on the fact that multilayer films usually curl up when exposed to temperature and can therefore be separated by wind sifting [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable Multilayer Packaging by Means of Thermoreversibly Crosslinking Adhesive in the Context of Food Law

2020

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Lacking recyclability of multilayer packaging can be overcome by using a thermoreversible crosslinking adhesive consisting of maleimide- and furan-functionalized polyurethane-(PU-)prepolymers, reacting in a Diels–Alder-reaction. Here, the furan-functionalized PU-prepolymer carries furan-side-chains to avoid the usage of an additional crosslinking agent. Thus, N‑(2‑hydroxyethyl)maleimide and furfurylamine are the only two chemicals contained in the adhesive that are not listed in the appendix of EU Regulation 10/2011. Using migration modelling, it could be shown that, at 23 °C, both chemicals have lag-times of only a few minutes if 45 µm PE is used as a barrier. However, if the residual content is below 30 mg/kg, the legally specified maximum amount of 0.01 mg/kg food is not reached. After determining the diffusion coefficients and the activation energy of diffusion through ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), it could be determined that the lag-time of the migrants can be extended to at least 9 years by the use of 3 µm EVOH. From a food law point of view, the use of the described adhesive is possible if the above‑mentioned measures are complied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable Multilayer Packaging by Means of Thermoreversibly Crosslinking Adhesive in the Context of Food Law

2020

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“…[ 210 ] If polymers are not sorted properly, the resulting recyclate exhibits insufficient material properties and limits its reusability. [ 211 ] Thus, the efficient sorting of different materials is a crucial step for the recycling of waste streams.…”

Section: Supraparticles For Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 212 ] An alternative is the addition of a tracer into materials. [ 211 ] This tracer‐based sorting often utilizes microparticles which are incorporated into plastics during their production and enables the identification of plastic by distinct (most frequently optical) signals during sorting and recycling. [ 213 ]…”

Section: Supraparticles For Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraparticles for Sustainability

Wintzheimer

Reichstein

Groppe

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The indispensable transformation to a (more) sustainable human society on this planet heavily relies on innovative technologies and advanced materials. The merits of nanoparticles (NPs) in this context are demonstrated widely during the last decades. Yet, it is believed that the impact of particle‐based nanomaterials to sustainability can be even further enhanced: taking NPs as building blocks enables the creation of more complex entities, so‐called supraparticles (SPs). Due to their evolving phenomena coupling, emergence, and colocalization, SPs enable completely new material functionalities. These new functionalities in SPs can be utilized to render six fields, essential to human life as it is conceived, more sustainable. These fields, selected based on an entropy‐rate‐related definition of sustainability, are as follows: 1) purification technologies and 2) agricultural delivery systems secure humans “fundamental needs.” 3) Energy storage and conversion, as well as 4) catalysis enable the “basic comfort.” 5) Extending materials lifetime and 6) bringing materials back in use ensure sustaining “modern life comfort.” In this review article, a perspective is provided on why and how the properties of SPs, and not simply properties of individual NPs or conventional bulk materials, may grant attractive alternative pathways in these fields.

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“…Although higher product qualities may be obtained with picking processes targeting individual products, this approach is not applied anymore for mass plastic packaging sorting [17], thus sorting product contamination may occur to the point of non-usability. Other sorting challenges which have not been solved yet are the identification of food-vs. non-food packaging [18,19], of brands or group of brands specific materials to implement extended producer responsibility [20], identification of specified subclasses of the main polymers, or hazardous filling goods.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Solutions for Plastic Packaging in a Circular Economy

Schmidt

Auer

Moesslein³

et al. 2021

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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New regulations require improvement of plastic packaging waste management to meet higher recycling rates. One solution for today's multilayers and other sorting challenges is tracer‐based‐sorting (TBS). TBS uses fluorescent tracers to provide sorting information on packagings. Industrial printing tests with tracer materials showed good printing quality. For TBS waste management feasibility studies, extensive packaging sorting plant input analyses were carried out, focusing on materials, color, label type, and label whereabouts. Sorting tests on a TBS‐modified NIR‐sorter resulted in excellent detection rates. LCA showed the reduced climate impact of TBS compared to conventional sorting technology. Implementation and transfer of TBS to other industries show high potential.

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Kunststoffidentifikation und ‐sortierung in der Circular Economy durch Fluoreszenzmarker

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Recyclable Multilayer Packaging by Means of Thermoreversibly Crosslinking Adhesive in the Context of Food Law

Recyclable Multilayer Packaging by Means of Thermoreversibly Crosslinking Adhesive in the Context of Food Law

Supraparticles for Sustainability

Challenges and Solutions for Plastic Packaging in a Circular Economy

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