Kurhany z epoki brązu nad górnym Dniestrem – polsko-ukraińskie projekty badawcze

Abstract

dzynarodowych Przykarpackiego Narodowego Uniwersytetu im. V. Stefanika ul. Šev enki 57, 76000 Ivano-Frankivs'k, UkraineABSTRACT. This paper discuses the excavations in the cemetery of the Komarów culture of the Bronze Age in Bukivna upon the upper Dniester. They have been carried out by the Polish-Ukrainian archaeological expedition as a part of the project of the National Centre of Sciences, the aim of which has been to provide comprehensive bioarchaeological characteristic and socio-cultural interpretation of the cemetery. During the field walking over 50 barrows were documented, round or slightly oval in plan. They occurred in three main clusters, arranged in groups-lines, on the watershed between the Dniester and its little, nameless tributary.The article presents the results of the study of barrow 1, in which there were discovered six features and over 400 artefacts, including 38 vessels in several deposits, 262 flint implements, fragments of structural daub, and bronze items -a pin and pendant, as well as small, burned bones.Among the features two charred wooden structures seem special and one stone-and-wood (cenotaph). Bones were "scattered" mainly between wooden structures.A series of analyses and specialist expertises had been done: radiocarbon, paleopedological, geomorphological, paleobotanical, physico-chemical. The sum of probability distribution of calibrated radiocarbon dates suggests second quarter of the second millennium BC. These dates are consistent with the analysis of the stylistics of vessels and bronze artefacts, indicating the early and classic stages of development of the Komarów culture.

Middle Bronze Age cemeteries, ‘double barrows’ and mortuary houses in the Upper Dniester Basin, Western Ukraine: Geophysical prospection and archaeological verification

“…The Komarów culture societies erected a wealthy spectrum of burial architecture, which indicates their complex funeral rites (Lysenko et al, 2015; Makarowicz et al, 2013a, 2013b; Romaniszyn, 2015, 2018; see also: Sulimirski, 1968; Swiesznikow, 1967). Among the structures documented within the barrows, a very specific type are mortuary houses (Bátora, 1999; Makarowicz, 2019), which have been registered at several sites (Lysenko et al, 2015; Makarowicz, 2019; Makarowicz et al, 2013a, 2013b, 2016a; see also: Sulimirski, 1968). They were constructed from wood logs, clay and soil and were rectangular in shape with walls and floors constructed from bark‐stripped wooden planks.…”

Funeral rites on the southern boundary of the Komarov culture

“…that are located on the foothills of the Carpathian Arc (Pre-Carpathian region) of northern Moldavia, between the Prut and Siret rivers. The authors will then compare and contrast these northern Moldavia cemeteries with Komarov ones in the upper Dniester region of the Ukraine that are better known in the literature (Bryk 1932;Sulimirski 1936;1938;1964;1968;Siwkówna 1937;Rogozińska 1959;Makarowicz 2010;Makarowicz et al 2013;2013a;Lysenko et al 2014;Romaniszyn 2013;. Polish and Ukrainian archaeologists have distinguished many manifestations of the Komarov culture, including the Eastern-Trzciniec culture (Berezanska 1967), Trzciniec-Komarov culture (Swiesznikow 1967;1990;Berezanska 1967), as well as two completely separate cultures (Swiesznikow 1967) and have even considered them to be a large, interconnected cultural circle (Trzciniec-Sośnica-Komarov;cf.…”

Rediscovering a Middle Bronze Age cemetery – the barrow necropolis in Pidhoroddya, Western Ukraine

“…This concentration embraces the Dniester springs in the west and reaches the eastern borders of Podilla to the east. Within its extent, the most prominent cemeteries are Komariv and Bukivna (Sulimirski 1936;1939;1964;1968, 105-121;Siwkówna 1937;Rogozińska 1959;Makarowicz et al 2013a;2013b;2016b, 37-97, 261-350;Lysenko et al 2015;Makarowicz 2019). The site in Pidhoroddya is located approximately 60 km north/northwest from the latter.…”

“…In recent years, a joint Polish-Ukrainian expedition (a cooperation of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences in Kyiv and the Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian University in Ivano-Frankivs'k) has conducted archaeological research in the Upper Dniester Basin (Makarowicz 2012;Makarowicz et al 2013a;2016a;2016b;2016c;2018;, which lies in the Pre-Carpathian area and stretches along the Carpathian Arc. One of the main tasks of this project is to create a complex catalogue of the barrow cemeteries attributed to the Komarów culture and dated to the 2 nd millennium BC.…”