L’agrobiodiversité du dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dans l’oasis de Siwa (Égypte)

Battesti, Vincent

doi:10.4000/ethnoecologie.1538

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In Siwa, our ethnobotanical survey revealed the existence of 15 to 20 named types (Battesti, ; Battesti et al, ). The exact number is difficult to pinpoint as the field survey reveals that farmers offer local, more or less shared, quality distinctions, even for dates that we depicted as true‐to‐type cultivars (alkak and taṭṭagt, for example).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Gros-Balthazard

Battesti

Ivorra

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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Crop diversity is shaped by biological and social processes interacting at different spatiotemporal scales. Here, we combined population genetics and ethnobotany to investigate date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) diversity in Siwa Oasis, Egypt. Based on interviews with farmers and observation of practices in the field, we collected 149 date palms from Siwa Oasis and 27 uncultivated date palms from abandoned oases in the surrounding desert. Using genotyping data from 18 nuclear and plastid microsatellite loci, we confirmed that some named types each constitute a clonal line, that is, a true‐to‐type cultivar. We also found that others are collections of clonal lines, that is, ethnovarieties, or even unrelated samples, that is, local categories. This alters current assessments of agrobiodiversity, which are visibly underestimated, and uncovers the impact of low‐intensity, but highly effective, farming practices on biodiversity. These hardly observable practices, hypothesized by ethnographic survey and confirmed by genetic analysis, are enabled by the way Isiwans conceive and classify living beings in their oasis, which do not quite match the way biologists do: a classic disparity of etic versus. emic categorizations. In addition, we established that Siwa date palms represent a unique and highly diverse genetic cluster, rather than a subset of North African and Middle Eastern palm diversity. As previously shown, North African date palms display evidence of introgression by the wild relative Phoenix theophrasti, and we found that the uncultivated date palms from the abandoned oases share even more alleles with this species than cultivated palms in this region. The study of Siwa date palms could hence be a key to the understanding of date palm diversification in North Africa. Integration of ethnography and population genetics promoted the understanding of the interplay between diversity management in the oasis (short‐time scale), and the origins and dynamic of diversity through domestication and diversification (long‐time scale).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Gros-Balthazard

Battesti

Ivorra

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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“…From Munier, cited by Battesti 21 palms emit 10–20 bunches measuring 30–80 cm in length. Two forms of bagging products are the conical one, which is more economical in terms of material and promotes the separation of dates infesting the rest of the system; the other is a rectangular one that is less complicated to make.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New approach for modeling the quality of the bagging date using desirability functions

Guedri

Jaouadi

Msahli

2016

Textile Research Journal

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The date palm, especially the variety Deglet Nour, produces some dates of high quality. The crop is increasingly attacked by insects while ripening on the palm and damaged by autumnal rains. Various forms of covers have been tried commercially. In this study we considered common materials used worldwide and tested under laboratory conditions. These products require the satisfaction of several properties at the same time. On this basis, the product’s requirements can be identified and converted into a physical element, that is, quality index “QI”, which measures the overall satisfaction of the bagging product. Its value ranges from 0 to l. Hence, “QI” can be used to detect the lack of effectiveness of one of the properties, and thus it should serve as an important measure in quality assurance. It includes the following eight parameters with their ranges: overall migration of toxicological specific substances; solar absorption coefficient; air permeability; resistance to water penetration; breaking load; tear strength; thickness; and weight. The results show that the highest quality index reached is 0.5. It is concluded that the “QI” can evaluate and classify the existing date bunch bags and it can effectively identify the property that should be improved.

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“…The case of naming a palm and its dates differently is unusual but not unique: One example is in Siwa (Egypt, a Berber-speaking oasis) of a variety, also elite, the tasutet palm whose dates are named _ saϵidi (Battesti, 2013). Further, naming dates of the same variety according to their quality is also uncommon, although the case is not entirely unique either.…”

Section: Naming a Palm And Naming Its Dates According To Their Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, seedlings sharing some characteristics or qualities according to local standards, for example, fruit color or usage, may be called by a single name. The most obvious examples of such a so-called 'local category' (Battesti, 2013) are the categories of "males"…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, very few studies have explored what lies behind a crop variety name and its connection to cultivation practices. In date palm, our aforementioned study, focusing on the oasis of Siwa in Egypt, remains unique in its integration of social and biological sciences (Battesti, 2013; Battesti et al, 2018; Gros‐Balthazard et al, 2020). It appears crucial to develop this pluri‐disciplinary approach in other oases to establish a comprehensive evaluation of date palm agrobiodiversity, in terms of both variety names and genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What lies behind a fruit crop variety name? A case study of the barnī date palm from al‐‘Ulā oasis, Saudi Arabia

Gros-Balthazard

Battesti

Flowers

et al. 2022

Plants People Planet

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The oasis of al-'Ul a is subject to a vast development operation by the central government of the Saudi monarchy. Agriculture is not strictly speaking the first objective of this initiative, the emphasis being on tourism and thus on the vast historical heritage and landscape qualities of the region. Nevertheless, agriculture and, in particular, phoeniculture remain the main resource for the inhabitants. Characterizing the local date palm agrobiodiversity is key to the sustainable development of oases. In al-'Ul a, documenting indigenous knowledge about the locally predominant barnī variety and characterizing its genetic integrity and mode of propagation represents the essential leverage needed by farm development project planners to develop local production. Summary• Understanding how farmers name and categorize their crops in relation to the way they are propagated is critical for a proper assessment of agrobiodiversity.Yet, indigenous knowledge is often overlooked in genetic studies, which may result in an underestimation of crop diversity, thereby preventing its conservation and mobilization for developing sustainable agroecosystems.Muriel Gros-Balthazard and Vincent Battesti contributed equally to this work.Transliteration system DIN-31635 (except API x for ‫خ‬ [h ˘]). All q af ‫ق‬ are pronounced g af (IPA: g) in al-'Ul a region.

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L’agrobiodiversité du dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dans l’oasis de Siwa (Égypte)

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

New approach for modeling the quality of the bagging date using desirability functions

What lies behind a fruit crop variety name? A case study of the barnī date palm from al‐‘Ulā oasis, Saudi Arabia

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