L-Alanine Supported Autogenous Eruption Combustion Synthesis of Ni/NiO@RuO₂ Heterostructure for Electrochemical Glucose and pH Sensor

Abstract

Safety and quality control are important for long-term storage and preservation of food. Glucose and food pH are the two most common markers for evaluating food quality. Herein, we constructed a Ni/NiO@RuO2 heterostructure-based two-way sensor via a novel eruption combustion pattern using non-conventional amino acid as a propellant. This approach has the unique points of in-situ doping of oxides and the formation of heterojunctions, providing well-developed pores and high surface areas to enhance the material performance. The Ni/NiO@RuO2 heterostructures have been tested as a bi-functional catalyst for glucose and pH sensing. The sensor exhibits a fast response time of < 0.1±0.02 s, a sensitivity of 641.95±0.5 µA mM-1 cm-2 towards glucose with a 0.4±0.08 µM detection limit and a linear response of 0.1 to 5 mM. As a pH sensor, it exhibits an acceptable sensitivity of -41.6 mV/pH with a response time of < 50 s over a pH range of 2-12. Moreover, this bi-functional sensor based on Ni/NiO@RuO2 performs well when applied to a selection of beverage samples. This study provides a new scalable and low-cost approach to fabricating hetero-oxide nanostructures with controllable heterojunctions for various sensor applications.

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