L-carnitine ameliorates gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats

Kopple, Joel D.; Ding, Hu; Letoha, Annamária; Iványi, Béla; Qing, David; Dux, Lázló; Wang, Huiyuan; Sonkodi, S.

doi:10.1093/ndt/17.12.2122

Cited by 74 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Researchers also observed that creatinine (Cr) level is a more accurate measurement for glomerular impairment than urea levels/Cr clearance. [42,43] Our study results coincide with earlier reports that a significant increase in plasma urea and creatinine or decrease in potassium levels [40,41,44] might indicate a nephrotoxic condition in GEN-treated rats and may be due to kidney damage caused by the enhanced generation of ROS. These findings correlated well with the renal histological examination, which revealed renal tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Nephroprotective Effect ofWithania somnifera:A Dose-Dependent Study

Jeyanthi

Subramanian

2009

Renal Failure

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In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of Withania somnifera, an indigenous medicinal herb used in ayurvedic traditional systems for more than 3000 years in India, on gentamicin (GEN)-induced nephrotoxicity. The root extract of three different doses of W. somnifera (viz., 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats for 14 days before GEN treatment and thereafter concurrently with GEN (100 mg/kg) for 8 days. Nephrotoxicity was evident in GEN-treated rats by significant increase in kidney weight, urea, creatinine, urinary protein, and glucose, and significant reduction in body weights and potassium, which was histopathologically confirmed by tubular necrosis. In contrast W. somnifera (500 mg/kg) significantly reversed these changes as evidenced microscopically when compared to other two doses of W. somnifera (250 and 750 mg/kg), and there were no significant changes in the levels of sodium in the experimental animals compared to control. Thus, our results suggested the nephroprotective effect of Withania somnifera, which could be by enhancing antioxidant activity with natural antioxidants and scavenging the free radicals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Nephroprotective Effect ofWithania somnifera:A Dose-Dependent Study

Jeyanthi

Subramanian

2009

Renal Failure

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“…al. [4,13] they reported that gentamicin treated rats showed in addition to the necrosis of proximal tubules formation of hyaline casts and dilatation of distal tubules. In addition Sandhya et al [14] reported that gentamicin treated rats showed the presence of homogenous materials in the form of droplets of masses in proximal convoluted tubules in addition to inflammatory filtrates in the interstitium and these changes were markedly reduced by lipoic acid treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 rats received ordinary rat diet for 6 weeks and were given gentamicin injection in a dose of 80 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP) once daily [4,5] during the last 8 consecutive days.…”

Section: Group II (Gentamicin Group)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Nephro-protective Effects of Losartan on Rats

Elewa¹

2016

Int J Clin Pharmacol Pharmacother

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Background: In the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan study (RENAAL study), Losartan reduced the risk of the doubling of serum creatinine concentration by 25% and of end stage renal disease (ESRD) by 28%. Methods: 40 albino rats were enrolled in this study, and they were divided into four main groups, each group 10 rats. Where, group I, serves as a control, and group II was treated with Gentamicin 80mg/kg. The group III was treated with Losartan. While, group IV was treated with Losartan and Gentamicin. Results: Showed that Losartan has statistically significant nephro-protective effects. Their nephroprotective effects were assessed by:-1-histopathological studies. 2-Measuring serum levels of BUN, and, creatinnine. Conclusion: Losartan has renal-protective effects.

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“…In kidneys, LC decreased the severity of renal cortical proximal tubular necrosis and improved renal function in rats with gentamicin-induced or doxorubicin-induced renal injury (Boonsanit et al, 2006;Kopple et al, 2002). LC reversed the increases in blood BUN and creatinine following the doxorubicin or gentamicin caused renal injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary excretion of L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine and their antioxidant activities after single dose administration of L-carnitine in healthy subjects

Cao

Chen

Wang

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The urine excretion of L-carnitine (LC), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-Lcarnitine (PLC) and their relations with the antioxidant activities are presently unknown. Liquid L-carnitine (2.0 g) was administered orally as a single dose in 12 healthy subjects. Urine concentrations of LC, ALC and PLC were detected by HPLC. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrogen monoxidum (NO) activities were measured by spectrophotometric methods. The 0~2 h, 2~4 h, 4~8 h, 8~12 h, 12~24 h excretion of LC was 53.13±31.36 μmol, 166.93±76.87 μmol, 219.92±76.30 μmol, 100.48±23.89 μmol, 72.07±25.77 μmol, respectively. The excretion of ALC was 29.70±14.43 μmol, 80.59±32.70 μmol, 109.85±49.21 μmol, 58.65±18.55 μmol, and 80.43±35.44 μmol, respectively. The urine concentration of PLC was 6.63±4.50 μmol, 15.33±12.59 μmol, 15.46±6.26 μmol, 13.41±11.66 μmol and 9.67±7.92 μmol, respectively. The accumulated excretion rate of LC was 6.1% within 24h after its administration. There was also an increase in urine concentrations of SOD and T-AOC, and a decrease in NO and MDA. A positive correlation was found between urine concentrations of LC and SOD (r = 0.8277) or T-AOC (r = 0.9547), and a negative correlation was found between urine LC excretions and NO (r = -0.8575) or MDA (r = 0.7085). In conclusion, a single oral LC administration let to a gradual increase in urine L-carnitine excretion which was associated with an increase in urine antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant capacities. These data may be useful in designing therapeutic regimens of LC or its analogues in the future.Uniterms: L-carnitine/antioxidant activity. Acetyl-L-carnitine/antioxidant activity. Propionyl-Lcarnitine/ antioxidant activity. Antioxidants. Urine excretion/analysis. A excreção urinária de L-carnitina (LC), acetil-L-carnitina (ALC) e propionil-L-carnitine (PLC) e as suas relações com as atividades antioxidantes são presentemente desconhecidos. Líquido de L-carnitina (2,0 g) foi administrada por via oral como uma dose única em 12 indivíduos saudáveis. INTRODUCTIONL-carnitine (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethylammonium butyrate, LC) is an endogenous compound which has several physiological functions. LC is involved in the transfer of long-chain fatty acids across the inner matrix membrane of mitochondria (Mancinelli et al., 2007). It also regulates acetyl storage and transfer in mitochondria, cells, and between organs, and the transport of potentially toxic, activated acids out of mitochondria (Bellinghieri et al., 2003). LC is believed to be important for acting as an osmo protectant in organs such as the kidney, and as a general cell membrane stabilizer (Lahjouji et al., 2004;Biolo et al., 2008). LC homeostasis is maintained by a modest biosynthesis in the liver and kidney, absorption from dietary sources (eg, meat and dairy products), and efficient renal tubular reabsorption from glomerular filtrate (Rebouche, Seim 1998). Short-chain carnitine esters, including acetylLcarnitine (ALC) and propionyl-L-carni...

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L-carnitine ameliorates gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats

Abstract: In rats receiving gentamicin, daily L-carnitine injections, particularly at 200 mg/kg/day, ameliorate the severity of renal cortical proximal tubular necrosis and maintain greater renal function.

Cited by 74 publications

References 28 publications

Nephroprotective Effect ofWithania somnifera:A Dose-Dependent Study

Nephroprotective Effect ofWithania somnifera:A Dose-Dependent Study

Study the Nephro-protective Effects of Losartan on Rats

Urinary excretion of L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine and their antioxidant activities after single dose administration of L-carnitine in healthy subjects

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