l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women

Ho, Jen Yu; Kraemer, William J.; Volek, Jeff S.; Fragala, Maren S.; Thomas, Gwendolyn A.; Dunn‐Lewis, Courtenay; Coday, Michael A.; Häkkinen, Keijo; Maresh, Carl M.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.11.012

Cited by 28 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Treated subjects experienced reduced muscle damage and decreased circulating CK compared to placebo. Similar results, recently obtained by the same authors, have clearly shown that LCLT is also effective in promoting recovery of tissue damage arising from the same protocol of high-repetition squat exercise in elderly individuals [106].…”

Section: Carnitinesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This process is a direct consequence of raised intracellular calcium by inhibition of calcium ATPase pumps induced by insufficient supply of ATP. This response appears to be attenuated by L-carnitine supplementation which reduces intracellular hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase following resistance exercise bouts [103,106]. Indeed inhibition of xanthine oxidase with allopurinol during exercise has been shown to result in significantly less generation of ROS, reduced tissue damage after exhaustive exercise [112], and less accumulation of cytosolic enzymes CK and LDH [113,114].…”

Section: Carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional Interventions as Potential Strategy to Minimize Exercise-Induced Muscle Injuries in Sports

D’Antona¹

2013

Muscle Injuries in Sport Medicine

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Section: Carnitinesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Interventions as Potential Strategy to Minimize Exercise-Induced Muscle Injuries in Sports

D’Antona¹

2013

Muscle Injuries in Sport Medicine

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“…It has been found that supplemental carnitine is effective in attenuating signs of tissue damage (muscle soreness and serum CK elevation) induced by lengthening or intense contractions [105–108] also in sarcopenic muscle [109]. The observed benefits of L-carnitine supplementation in preventing load-induced muscle injury have been attributed to its known role as antioxidant.…”

Section: L-carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulation of xanthine oxidase is the consequence of the activation of calcium-dependent proteases, which cleave a portion of xanthine dehydrogenase and convert it into xanthine oxidase. This response appears to be attenuated by L-carnitine supplementation which reduces intracellular hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase following resistance exercise bouts [109] whereas other experimental investigations failed to demonstrate such effect [116, 117]. …”

Section: L-carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

Creatine, L-Carnitine, andω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation from Healthy to Diseased Skeletal Muscle

D’Antona

Nabavi

Micheletti

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Myopathies are chronic degenerative pathologies that induce the deterioration of the structure and function of skeletal muscle. So far a definitive therapy has not yet been developed and the main aim of myopathy treatment is to slow the progression of the disease. Current nonpharmacological therapies include rehabilitation, ventilator assistance, and nutritional supplements, all of which aim to delay the onset of the disease and relieve its symptoms. Besides an adequate diet, nutritional supplements could play an important role in the treatment of myopathic patients. Here we review the most recent in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the role supplementation with creatine, L-carnitine, and ω3 PUFAs plays in myopathy treatment. Our results suggest that these dietary supplements could have beneficial effects; nevertheless continued studies are required before they could be recommended as a routine treatment in muscle diseases.

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“…Parandak et al ( 21 ) examined human subjects’ performance during aerobic exercise via running, similar to the present study's exercise regimen with dogs, and found that l -carnitine supplementation resulted in lower CPK levels compared with control at the post-24 h exercise interval. Ho et al ( 22 ) also found both a significant reduction in CPK and myoglobin secretion in l -carnitine-supplemented subjects v . control during squat/leg press exercises.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Utilisation of supplementedl-carnitine for fuel efficiency, as an antioxidant, and for muscle recovery in Labrador retrievers

et al. 2017

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The primary goal was to investigate the effects of l-carnitine on fuel efficiency, as an antioxidant, and for muscle recovery in Labrador retrievers. Dogs were split into two groups, with one group being supplemented with 250 mg/d of Carniking™ l-carnitine powder. Two experiments (Expt 1 and Expt 2) were performed over a 2-year period which included running programmes, activity monitoring, body composition scans and evaluation of recovery using biomarkers. Each experiment differed slightly in dog number and design: fifty-six v. forty dogs; one endurance and two sprint runs per week v. two endurance runs; and differing blood collection time points. All dogs were fed a low-carnitine diet in which a fixed amount was offered based on maintaining the minimum starting weight. Results from Expt 1 found that the carnitine dogs produced approximately 4000 more activity points per km compared with the control group during sprint (P = 0·052) and endurance runs (P = 0·0001). Male carnitine dogs produced half the creatine phosphokinase (CPK) following exercise compared with male control dogs (P = 0·05). Carnitine dogs had lower myoglobin at 6·69 ng/ml following intensive exercise compared with controls at 24·02 ng/ml (P = 0·0295). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) results were not considered significant. In Expt 2, body composition scans indicated that the carnitine group gained more total tissue mass while controls lost tissue mass (P = 0·0006) and also gained lean mass while the control group lost lean mass (P < 0·0001). Carnitine dogs had lower CPK secretion at 23·06 v. control at 28·37 mU/ml 24 h after post-run (P = 0·003). Myoglobin levels were lower in carnitine v. control dogs both 1 h post-run (P = 0·0157; 23·83 v. 37·91 ng/ml) and 24 h post-run (P = 0·0189; 6·25 v.13·5 ng/ml). TAC indicated more antioxidant activity in carnitine dogs at 0·16 mm v. control at 0·13 mm (P = 0·0496). TBARS were also significantly lower in carnitine dogs both pre-run (P = 0·0013; 15·36 v. 23·42 µm) and 1 h post-run (P = 0·056; 16·45 v. 20·65 µm). Supplementing l-carnitine in the form of Carniking™ had positive benefits in Labrador retrievers for activity intensity, body composition, muscle recovery and oxidative capacity.

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l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Nutritional Interventions as Potential Strategy to Minimize Exercise-Induced Muscle Injuries in Sports

Nutritional Interventions as Potential Strategy to Minimize Exercise-Induced Muscle Injuries in Sports

Creatine, L-Carnitine, andω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation from Healthy to Diseased Skeletal Muscle

Utilisation of supplementedl-carnitine for fuel efficiency, as an antioxidant, and for muscle recovery in Labrador retrievers

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