L-citrulline: A preclinical safety biomarker for the small intestine in rats and dogs in repeat dose toxicity studies

Jäckel, Sven; Pipp, Frederic; Emde, Barbara; Weigt, Stefan; Vigna, Enrico; Hanschke, Bettina; Kasper, Lena; Siddharta, Anindya; Hellmann, Jürgen; Czasch, Stephanie; Schmitt, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2021.107110

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Such a relation is explored in human health to assess the cytotoxic effects of chemo- and radiotherapy on the gut mucosa, which result in mucositis [ 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 ]. Citrulline circulating levels have also responded to intestinal cytotoxicity in dogs and rats, but this is still controversial in these species [ 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 ]. In swine, the concentration in plasma was reduced in animals with chemically induced enteritis [ 126 ], but no other report was found to insure the reliability of citrulline as a biomarker of intestinal damage in pigs.…”

Section: Structural and Inflammatory Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals

Soares¹,

Belote²,

Santín³

et al. 2022

Animals

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The complex interaction between the intestinal mucosa, the gut microbiota, and the diet balances the host physiological homeostasis and is fundamental for the maximal genetic potential of production animals. However, factors such as chemical and physical characteristics of the diet and/or environmental stressors can continuously affect this balance, potentially inducing a state of chronic low-grade inflammation in the gut, where inflammatory parameters are present and demanding energy, but not in enough intensity to provoke clinical manifestations. It’s vital to expand the understanding of inflammation dynamics and of how they compromise the function activity and microscopic morphology of the intestinal mucosa. These morphometric alterations are associated with the release of structural and functional cellular components into the feces and the blood stream creating measurable biomarkers to track this condition. Moreover, the identification of novel, immunometabolic biomarkers can provide dynamic and predictors of low-grade chronic inflammation, but also provide indicators of successful nutritional or feed additive intervention strategies. The objective of this paper is to review the mechanisms of low-grade inflammation, its effects on animal production and sustainability, and the biomarkers that could provide early diagnosis of this process and support studies of useful interventional strategies.

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Section: Structural and Inflammatory Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals

Soares¹,

Belote²,

Santín³

et al. 2022

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Potential Implications of Citrulline and Quercetin on Gut Functioning of Monogastric Animals and Humans: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2021

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The importance of gut health in animal welfare and wellbeing is undisputable. The intestinal microbiota plays an essential role in the metabolic, nutritional, physiological, and immunological processes of animals. Therefore, the rapid development of dietary supplements to improve gut functions and homeostasis is imminent. Recent studies have uncovered the beneficial effects of dietary supplements on the immune response, microbiota, gut homeostasis, and intestinal health. The application of citrulline (a functional gut biomarker) and quercetin (a known potent flavonoid) to promote gut functions has gained considerable interest as both bioactive substances possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and immunomodulatory properties. Research has demonstrated that both citrulline and quercetin can mediate gut activities by combating disruptions to the intestinal integrity and alterations to the gut microbiota. In addition, citrulline and quercetin play crucial roles in maintaining intestinal immune tolerance and gut health. However, the synergistic benefits which these dietary supplements (citrulline and quercetin) may afford to simultaneously promote gut functions remain to be explored. Therefore, this review summarizes the modulatory effects of citrulline and quercetin on the intestinal integrity and gut microbiota, and further expounds on their potential synergistic roles to attenuate intestinal inflammation and promote gut health.

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L-citrulline: A preclinical safety biomarker for the small intestine in rats and dogs in repeat dose toxicity studies

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals

Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals

Potential Implications of Citrulline and Quercetin on Gut Functioning of Monogastric Animals and Humans: A Comprehensive Review

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