L-RPL: RPL powered by laplacian energy for stable path selection during link failures in an Internet of Things network

Pushpalatha, M.; Anusha, T.; Rao, T. Rama; Venkataraman, Revathi

doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107697

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this research, it has been shown that OF changes have significant effects on RPL performance. References [22][23][24][25] focused on the problem of single-metric of OF in the RPL protocol, and based on this, they improved routing and data exchange capabilities. In these researches, the RPL OF based on multi-metric evaluation is calculated and optimized in order to select more reliable parents for exchanges.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAARPL: End‐to‐end Reliability‐Aware Adaptive RPL routing protocol for Internet of things

Shahbakhsh

Ghafouri

Bardsiri

2023

Int J Communication

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The RPL protocol has been accepted by the Internet Engineering Task Force as the only routing standard for the Internet of things (IoT). Although RPL has been significantly used in IoT routing, it still has extensive challenges. One of the most basic challenges is related to the reliability of routing. The severe limitations of resources, wireless communication, and variable topology, along with other limitations of IoT, have caused reliability in these networks to be a challenging topic. However, in RPL, no measures are provided to support the reliability of routing. To improve this issue, in this article, RPL was improved based on reliability requirements, and a new protocol was proposed called the Reliability-Aware Adaptive RPL routing protocol (RAARPL). RAARPL selects the parents based on the evaluation of various criteria related to reliability and forms the network topology. In addition, the conditions of the paths were also considered in the decision-making so that the reliability depends on the paths and parents. In order to maintain stability, RAARPL had controlled the parent selection and children assignment in a way that will prevent errors as much as possible. The simulation results by Cooja and compared with CLRPL and RPL

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAARPL: End‐to‐end Reliability‐Aware Adaptive RPL routing protocol for Internet of things

Shahbakhsh

Ghafouri

Bardsiri

2023

Int J Communication

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“…The disappearance of nodes when they run out of charge or move is the main concern in LLN [11,12]. To deal with such issues, RPL provides local and global repair procedures [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BE-RPL: Balanced-load and Energy-efficient RPL

Hussain¹,

Roopa²

2023

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

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Internet of Things (IoT) empowers imaginative applications and permits new services when mobile nodes are included. For IoT-enabled low-power and lossy networks (LLN), the Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) has become an established standard routing protocol. Mobility under standard RPL remains a difficult issue as it causes continuous path disturbance, energy loss, and increases the end-to-end delay in the network. In this unique circumstance, a Balanced-load and Energy-efficient RPL (BE-RPL) is proposed. It is a routing technique that is both energy-efficient and mobility-aware. It responds quicker to link breakage through received signal strength-based mobility monitoring and selecting a new preferred parent reactively. The proposed system also implements load balancing among stationary nodes for leaf node allocation. Static nodes with more leaf nodes are restricted from participating in the election for a new preferred parent. The performance of BE-RPL is assessed using the COOJA simulator. It improves the energy use, network control overhead, frame acknowledgment ratio, and packet delivery ratio of the network.

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New families of Laplacian borderenergetic graphs

Dede

2024

Acta Informatica

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In the first part of this paper, we present the Laplacian spectrum of some graphs composed of complete graphs. To begin with, we give the Laplacian spectrum of G1 = aKi ∪ b(Kj × Kk) and then we find the values of i, b, j, k ∈ Z + for which G1 is Laplacian borderenergetic. Similarly, we give the Laplacian spectrum of G2 = aKi∇b(Kj × Kk) ∪ cKl and find the values of a, i, b, j, k, c, l ∈ Z + for which G2 is Laplacian borderenergetic. In this part, we construct three infinite families of non-complete disconnected L-borderenergetic graphs:Then, in the second part of this work, we construct new infinite families of noncomplete connected L-borderenergetic graphs Ω1 = {K2∇aK r 2 |a ∈ Z + }, Ω2 = {aK3 ∪ 2(K2 × K3)|a ∈ Z + } and Ω3 = {aK5 ∪ (K3 × K3)|a ∈ Z + }.

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L-RPL: RPL powered by laplacian energy for stable path selection during link failures in an Internet of Things network

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

RAARPL: End‐to‐end Reliability‐Aware Adaptive RPL routing protocol for Internet of things

RAARPL: End‐to‐end Reliability‐Aware Adaptive RPL routing protocol for Internet of things

BE-RPL: Balanced-load and Energy-efficient RPL

New families of Laplacian borderenergetic graphs

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