L-tryptophan administration and increase in cerebral serotonin levels: Systematic review

Carneiro, Isadora Braga Contreiras; Toscano, Ana Elisa; Lacerda, Diego Cabral; Cunha, Marcela de Sá Barreto da; Castro, Raul Manhães de; Deiró, Tereza Cristina Bonfim de Jesus; Medeiros, Jairza Maria Barreto

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.009

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Other studies showed that the diet with higher TRP content resulted in a decrease in depressive symptoms and anxiety [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Administration of TRP increases its brain concentration and stimulates the synthesis of serotonin and melatonin, which improve mood and sleep quality [ 41 , 42 ]. Moreover, the role of nutrition in the onset and progression of mental diseases is controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

et al. 2023

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The elderly often suffer from sleep disorders and depression, which contribute to mood disorders. In our previous work, we showed that elderly individuals with mood disorders had a lower intake of TRP and recommended a TRP-based dietary intervention to improve the mental state of such individuals. In this work, we assessed the impact of a TRP-rich diet on the mental state of, and TRP metabolism in, elderly individuals with mood disorders. Forty elderly individuals with depression and sleep disorders and an equal number of elderly subjects without mood disorders were enrolled in this study. TRP intake was evaluated with the nutrition calculator. Patients with mood disorders had a lower TRP intake than their normal counterparts and received a TRP-rich diet with TRP content of 25 mg per kilogram of the body per day for 12 weeks. The mental state was assessed before and after this dietary intervention with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). At those times, urinary levels of TRP and its metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), L-kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) were determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and related to creatinine level. After TRP-based dietary intervention, the score of ISI and HAM-D decreased by more than half. A correlation analysis reveals that TRP, 5-HIAA, and KYNA might have anti-depressive action, while KYN and QA—pro-depressive. The levels of TRP, 5-HIAA, and KYNA in urine of mood disorder patients increased, while the levels of KYN and QA decreased. In conclusion, dietary consumption of adequate amount of tryptophan has a beneficial effect on mental health of the elderly with mood disorders and improves metabolism of this amino acid. Therefore, a TRP-enriched diet may be considered as a component of the treatment of elderly individuals with mood disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

et al. 2023

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“…Another IP component, L-glutamyl–L-phenylalanine, was found to diminish liver inflammation via reducing lipid accumulation and presumably acting on metabolic processes of the cell ( 69 ). Tryptophan, a molecule with the greatest anti-oxidative capacity among amino acids ( 70 ) and a precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin that is known to exert anti-inflammatory action ( 71 ), was shown to act via calcium-dependent mechanisms of receptor activation ( 72 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice

et al. 2022

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BackgroundWhile all efforts have been undertaken to propagate the vaccination and develop remedies against SARS-CoV-2, no satisfactory management of this infection is available yet. Moreover, poor availability of any preventive and treatment measures of SARS-CoV-2 in economically disadvantageous communities aggravates the course of the pandemic. Here, we studied a new immunomodulatory phytotherapy (IP), an extract of blackberry, chamomile, garlic, cloves, and elderberry as a potential low-cost solution for these problems given the reported efficacy of herbal medicine during the previous SARS virus outbreak.MethodsThe key feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive inflammation, was studied in in vitro and in vivo assays under the application of the IP. First, changes in tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) and lnteurleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) concentrations were measured in a culture of human macrophages following the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and treatment with IP or prednisolone. Second, chronically IP-pre-treated CD-1 mice received an agonist of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7/8 resiquimod and were examined for lung and spleen expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and blood formula. Finally, chronically IP-pre-treated mice challenged with LPS injection were studied for “sickness” behavior. Additionally, the IP was analyzed using high-potency-liquid chromatography (HPLC)-high-resolution-mass-spectrometry (HRMS).ResultsLPS-induced in vitro release of TNF and IL-1β was reduced by both treatments. The IP-treated mice displayed blunted over-expression of SAA-2, ACE-2, CXCL1, and CXCL10 and decreased changes in blood formula in response to an injection with resiquimod. The IP-treated mice injected with LPS showed normalized locomotion, anxiety, and exploration behaviors but not abnormal forced swimming. Isoquercitrin, choline, leucine, chlorogenic acid, and other constituents were identified by HPLC-HRMS and likely underlie the IP immunomodulatory effects.ConclusionsHerbal IP-therapy decreases inflammation and, partly, “sickness behavior,” suggesting its potency to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection first of all via its preventive effects.

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“…In serotonergic neurons, L-Tryptophan serves as the precursor for 5-HT, TPH2 catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of 5-HT (Hoglund et al, 2019). Serotonergic neurons that originate in the raphe nuclei are distributed to various regions of the central nervous system, including the cerebellum, frontal cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus (Carneiro et al, 2018). TPH2 is widely expressed in the brain of rat, including raphe, ventral tegmental area, hippocampus, cerebellum, dorsal striatum and medial prefrontal cortex (Carkaci-Salli et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1,25(OH)₂D₃ attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo

Chen

et al. 2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Many clinical studies have reported that patients diagnosed with cancer will suffer from sleep disturbance during their clinical process, especially among lung cancer patients, and this effect will not easily subside. 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin-D 3 [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ], the activated form of vitamin D, can participate in neuronal differentiation and prevent damage to the nervous system. However, little is known about the potential therapeutic effects of cancer-related psychiatric symptoms. In light of this, we hypothesized that a low circulating level of vitamin D was related to sleep quality in the presence of a tumor, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 may be an effective way to ameliorate sleep disturbance and neurochemical alterations along with the cancer progress. Male C57BL/6 mice were implanted with intracranial transmitters to monitor electroencephalogram and were subcutaneously inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells. The results demonstrated that on Days 19-20, tumor-bearing mice displayed fragmented sleep, shortened wake phase, prolonged sleep in the nonrapid eye movement phase, and the levels of vitamin D-associated genes in the brain had changed a lot compared to control mice. Importantly, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 treatment really effectively saved the sleep quality of tumor-bearing mice. We further explored and confirmed that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 repressed tumor-induced neuroinflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-2), enhanced neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], glialcellline-derived neurotrophic factor) and 5-HT system in the hippocampus, hypothalamus or cortex. A molecular docking approah manifested the ability of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 to affect the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and BDNF. Together, our results suggested that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 treatment may attenuate sleep disturbance in Lewis lung cancer-bearing mice, and become a promising strategy for treating cancer symptom clusters to ameliorate the quality of life of patients with cancer.

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L-tryptophan administration and increase in cerebral serotonin levels: Systematic review

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice

1,25(OH)₂D₃ attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo

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L-tryptophan administration and increase in cerebral serotonin levels: Systematic review

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice

1,25(OH)2D3 attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo

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1,25(OH)₂D₃ attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo