La carrière d’un problème public mondial

Bonneuil, Christophe; Fenzi, Marianna

doi:10.3917/rac.013.0206

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further developments of the concept "genetic resources" accompanied the rise of new knowledge and management perspectives. The problem of conservation was extended to "renewal of cultivated biodiversity", whose value was increasingly framed through the prism of "ecosystem services" [19].…”

Section: Development Of the Concept Of Genetic Resources In The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From mere 'stocks of genes' an increased emphasis was put on flows, connectivity, resilience, adaptation, and coevolution. The range of legitimate epistemic knowledge around cultivated biodiversity was likewise broadened, encompassing anthropology, evolutionary and population genetics, dynamic management, conservation biology and its modelling approaches, participatory methodologies, new ways of measuring diversity cultivated in the wake of international initiatives for the development of biodiversity indicators [19].…”

Section: Development Of the Concept Of Genetic Resources In The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition

et al. 2020

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Agroecology calls for a global approach, integrating scientific, practical, and advocacy dimensions, to redesign agricultural systems based on ecological and socio-cultural processes and emphasizing biodiversity. This review is grounded on the results of DIVERSIFOOD, a European H2020 multi-actor research project, and explores the concept of cultivated diversity using various dimensions relevant to foster sustainable organic food systems and agro-ecological transition. From the evaluation of underutilized genetic resources and forgotten crops, DIVERSIFOOD has proposed plant breeding strategies, on-farm experimentation, and statistical tools to create new populations, landraces, and organic cultivars with intra-varietal diversity. The added value of Community Seed Banks and forms of collective seed management in Europe have been described in terms of goals and activities, and their value for improving seed regulations, treaties, and genetic resources management is discussed. In the context of the current agro-food system characterized by standardization, DIVERSIFOOD raised awareness of qualities of ‘biodiverse food systems’ in which all actors have a role to play. It highlighted the critical capacity to preserve a diversity of cultural values embodied in ‘biodiverse products’, thereby involving consumers in collective strategies for reviving diversity, and empowering all actors of organic food systems to really and efficiently implement research within their farms and networks.

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Section: Development Of the Concept Of Genetic Resources In The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of the Concept Of Genetic Resources In The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition

et al. 2020

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“…While peasant communities played a role in the past through species domestication (Vavilov ), they were no longer considered producers of diversity but simple users of innovations. The transfer of genes from one variety to another was not considered by geneticists to be a flow occurring in situ, a creative cultural‐evolutionary process driven by peasant societies, but rather seemed only productive through scientific expertise based on Mendelian cytogenetics (Bonneuil and Fenzi ).…”

Section: “Genetic Resources”: the Construction Of A Particular Cosmovmentioning

confidence: 99%

From “Genetic Resources” to “Ecosystems Services”: A Century of Science and Global Policies for Crop Diversity Conservation

Fenzi¹,

Bonneuil²

2016

Culture Agric Food & Envi

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Combining the cultural history of science and the sociology of social problems, this article analyzes the trajectory of policies and approaches for the conservation of crop diversity through a mosaic of international arenas from the early 20th century to the present time. We discuss how the concepts of “plant genetic resources” and “genetic erosion” became major policy issues in the 1960s. We show how these concepts emerged and evolved within a wider range of knowledges, imaginaries, and forms of life governance. We trace the evolution of the problem of disappearing local varieties from concerns about loss of genes as resources, to notions of “crop diversity” and “ecosystem services.” We analyze the effect of this new framing centered on the dynamic conservation of crop diversity within farming systems. Finally, we stress how, despite efforts to revise the concept of diversity as materials to exploit, this vision is still present today, shaping crop diversity conservation, and use.

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The Diversity of Living Organisms: The Engine for Ecological Functioning

Hainzelin¹,

Nouaille²

2013

Cultivating Biodiversity to Transform Agriculture

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La carrière d’un problème public mondial

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition

Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition

From “Genetic Resources” to “Ecosystems Services”: A Century of Science and Global Policies for Crop Diversity Conservation

The Diversity of Living Organisms: The Engine for Ecological Functioning

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