This chapter assesses quality assurance and management in clinical laboratories. The necessity to provide services of appropriate quality in medical laboratories, as well as the need to satisfy the users of laboratory services, has led to increasing numbers of regulations governing their operations and assessment. Indeed, medical laboratories are subjected to inspection and assessment by a number of different bodies, namely the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS), the Human Tissue Act (HTA), the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), and the Care Quality Commission (CQC). A variety of techniques, such as audit, can be used by the laboratory to assess internally their compliance to set standards. Ultimately, following good laboratory practices ensures the integrity of the sample audit trail in the laboratory and allows the cycle of continual improvement to be embedded into the laboratory culture.