La cryptosporidiose chez les enfants atteints de déficits immunitaires primitifs par défaut d’expression de protéines du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité classe II en Tunisie : à propos de 5 observations

Abda, I. Ben; Mellouli, Fethi; Karim, Abdul; Béjaoui, Mohamed; Bouratbine, A.

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2011.06.015

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some C. parvum subtypes have been reported to be human-adapted subtypes, that could be transmitted from person to person, with origins from humans (Morse et al 2007). The reporting of C. meleagridis in this study is not surprising, as the African population has a growing immune-compromised population with a previous report of 21% in these populations prone to infection by this pathogen (Morgan et al 2000;Ben Abda et al 2011;Aldeyarbi et al 2016). Cryptosporidial infection was observed to be highest among HIV/AIDS patients, followed by children and then diarrhoeic individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

A meta-analysis of Cryptosporidium species in humans from southern Africa (2000–2020)

Omolabi

Odeniran

2021

J Parasit Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in southern Africa is largely unknown. The disease is associated with diarrhea and nutritional deficiencies, leading to severe morbidity and mortality among immune-compromised patients. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection among immune-compromised humans in southern Africa over the past 20 years. Reports of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in humans published between 2000 and 2020 using Google Scholar, PubMed, Ovid Medline, African Journal Online (AJOL), and Web of Science literature databases were obtained. Inclusion criteria of sorted articles for Cryptosporidium spp. infection were standardized using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. A total of 22 eligible studies were sorted for meta-analysis. Overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in southern African countries with reports was 16.8% (95% CI 9.7–25.3). Sub-group analysis showed a pooled prevalence of 25.2, 20.5, and 17.9% among HIV/AIDS patients, children, and diarrhoeic individuals, respectively. Pooled prevalence was highest in South Africa and lowest in Zimbabwe across examined individuals. The pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infections in diarrhoeic patients was highest in individuals from Botswana (17.6%) which is significantly different ( Χ 2 = 9.337; P = 0.002) from South Africans (12.7%). South African individuals with HIV/AIDS showed the highest pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections than other countries. The high prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infections among immune-compromised patients in southern Africa showed that the pathogen is of significant importance in this region. Continuous studies on the genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. isolates and associated risk factors are needed across southern Africa to identify the predominant subtypes in humans. Graphic abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-021-01436-4.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

A meta-analysis of Cryptosporidium species in humans from southern Africa (2000–2020)

Omolabi

Odeniran

2021

J Parasit Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In immunocompromised individuals, the prevalence of C. meleagridis can reach 75% (3/4 of samples typed) [23, 25, 101, 146, 147, 151, 152], but also 75% (9/12 of samples typed) in immunocompetent individuals [86, 106, 114, 141, 149, 153, 155, 156]. In comparison, the prevalence of C. meleagridis in the developed world is ~1% [66].…”

Section: Cryptosporidium and Giardia Species Reported In Humans In Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are important causes of diarrhoeal illness. Adequate knowledge of the molecular diversity and geographical distribution of these parasites and the environmental and climatic variables that influence their prevalence is important for effective control of infection in at-risk populations, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology of these parasites in Africa. Cryptosporidium is associated with moderate to severe diarrhoea and increased mortality in African countries and both parasites negatively affect child growth and development. Malnutrition and HIV status are also important contributors to the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in African countries. Molecular typing of both parasites in humans, domestic animals and wildlife to date indicates a complex picture of both anthroponotic, zoonotic and spill-back transmission cycles that requires further investigation. For Cryptosporidium, the only available drug (nitazoxanide) is ineffective in HIV and malnourished individuals and therefore more effective drugs are a high priority. Several classes of drugs with good efficacy exist for Giardia, but dosing regimens are suboptimal and emerging resistance threatens clinical utility. Climate change and population growth are also predicted to increase both malnutrition and the prevalence of these parasites in water sources. Dedicated and co-ordinated commitments from African governments involving “One Health” initiatives with multidisciplinary teams of veterinarians, medical workers, relevant government authorities, and public health specialists working together are essential to control and prevent the burden of disease caused by these parasites.

show abstract

“…Founder effect for the c.338-25_338del26 mutation in the RFXANK gene in 25 patients Landouré et al [47] (2013) Mali 3 patients from 1 Malian family Ataxia-telangiectasia Novel c.7985T > A mutation in ATM gene Djidjik et al [48] (2012) Algeria 11 Algerian patients MHC class II expression deficiency Founder effect for the 752delG26 mutation in RFXANK gene in 9 patients Naamane et al [49] (2010) Morocco 10 Moroccan patients MHC class II expression deficiency Founder effect for the 752delG26 mutation in the RFXANK gene in 10 patients El Kares et al [50] (2006) Tunisia 15 Tunisian patients CGD Two novel and recurrent mutations in NCF2 and CYBA gene Pienaar et al [51] (2003) SA 2 SA patients Hyper IgM First report of X-linked hyper IgM (HIGM1) from SA Elloumi-Zghal et al [52] (2002) Tunisia 5 Tunisian patients MSMD IL-12Rb1 gene mutation in 2 patients and IL-12p40 gene mutation in 3 patients; first description of familial cytokine deficiency Eley BS et al [53] (2001) SA 5 SA patients SCID 3 with IL-2RγC deficiency; 1 with RAG1 deficiency 1 with IL-7Rα deficiency Pienaar et al [54] There are additional scattered studies from the region describing PID, including patients' susceptibilities to various infections and case reports. [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]…”

Section: Mhc Class II Expression Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary immunodeficiency in Africa – a review

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) comprises a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders caused by defects in components of the immune system. PIDs affect different components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, complement proteins, natural killer (NK) cells, and T-and B-lymphocytes. [1 2] This open-access article is distributed under Creative Commons licence CC-BY-NC 4.0.

show abstract

La cryptosporidiose chez les enfants atteints de déficits immunitaires primitifs par défaut d’expression de protéines du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité classe II en Tunisie : à propos de 5 observations

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

A meta-analysis of Cryptosporidium species in humans from southern Africa (2000–2020)

A meta-analysis of Cryptosporidium species in humans from southern Africa (2000–2020)

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

Primary immunodeficiency in Africa – a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About