La ecología de invertebrados del acuífero Chalk en Inglaterra (UK)

Maurice, Louise; Robertson, A.; White, Deborah; Knight, Lee R.F.D.; Johns, Tim; Edwards, François; Arietti, M.; Sorensen, James; Weitowitz, Damiano C.; Marchant, B. P.; Bloomfield, John P.

doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1334-2

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The phreatic community was distinct, comprised exclusively of stygofauna typical of carbonate aquifers in England (Johns et al 2015, Maurice et al 2016. The abundance, richness and number of positive samples was consistent with similar studies where stygofauna were found to be absent from up to 30% of sampled boreholes (Hahn 2006;Johns et al 2015).…”

Section: Community Composition Across the Benthic Hyporheic And Phreatic Habitatssupporting

confidence: 87%

Distribution of macroinvertebrate communities across surface and groundwater habitats in response to hydrological variability

Durkota¹,

Wood²,

Johns³

et al. 2019

fal

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Macroinvertebrate communities are strongly influenced by hydrological variability in surface waters. However, the response of these communities in corresponding groundwater-dependent habitats is not well understood. This study characterised the macroinvertebrate fauna and physicochemical characteristics of a chalk aquifer and its river in southern England. Samples were collected over one year from three perennial and two temporary paired benthic-hyporheic sites and seven phreatic sites in the surrounding aquifer. The study was preceded by a period of below average rainfall, providing an opportunity to assess the response of macroinvertebrate communities to unseasonal declines in river discharge and groundwater levels. Benthic, hyporheic and phreatic habitats each supported a distinct macroinvertebrate community, with the hyporheic habitat supporting both epigean taxa and stygofauna. As discharge declined, the composition of these communities changed. In particular, the abundance of the epigean amphipod Gammarus pulex was higher in hyporheic than benthic habitats during periods of low surface discharge, suggesting potential refuge-seeking behaviour. Similarly, fluctuations in the abundance and distribution of two stygofauna, Crangonyx subterraneus and Niphargus fontanus, coincided with marked changes in groundwater levels, suggesting that the contraction of available habitat and changes in connectivity also influenced the phreatic community. The variable distribution of macroinvertebrates between these habitats, especially in response to hydrological variability, suggests a dynamic connection between the river and its aquifer. This connection is an important consideration for the assessment and conservation management of both surface and groundwater communities and may help to underpin integrated, catchment-based environmental management, especially in river systems with temporary reaches.

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Section: Community Composition Across the Benthic Hyporheic And Phreatic Habitatssupporting

confidence: 87%

Distribution of macroinvertebrate communities across surface and groundwater habitats in response to hydrological variability

Durkota¹,

Wood²,

Johns³

et al. 2019

fal

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“…The relationships between EOC occurrence and other drivers of stress and the prevalence of anti microbial resistance should be further assessed in these highly vulnerable (in many ways sentinel) karst groundwaters systems. Given the role of karst as a host for a range of important stygofauna (Maurice et al, 2016), it is also recommended that further research is done to assess the fate of hazardous EOCs, as well as their interaction and potential accumulation in dependant ecosystems within karst.…”

Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging organic contaminants in karst groundwater: A global level assessment

Reberski

Terzić

Maurice

et al. 2022

Journal of Hydrology

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A quarter of the world's population uses groundwater from karst aquifers. A range of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) are considered a potential threat to water resources and dependant ecosystems, and karst aquifers are the most vulnerable groundwater systems to anthropogenic pollution. This paper provides the first global compilation (based on 50 studies) of EOCs in karst aquifers and explores EOC occurrence and the use of EOCs to understand karst systems. Of the 144 compounds detected in the reviewed studies, the vast majority in karst groundwater are pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Maximum concentrations of compounds varied over five orders of magnitude, and nearly half of the detected compounds exceed 100 ng/L. Karst groundwater is shown to have lower frequency of detection and lower concentrations compared to surface waters and local shallow intergranular aquifers, but overall higher concentrations compared to other major aquifer types. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the utility of EOCs and some legacy compounds for groundwater quality assessment and as tracers for characterising karst systems. They can improve understanding of vulnerability, storage, attenuation mechanisms, and in some cases have been used to assist with catchment delineation. This is a growing research area for karst hydrogeology, and more research is needed to understand EOC contamination of karst aquifers, and to develop EOCs as tracers within karst to improve our understanding of this critical water resource.

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“…Faulted areas in limestone environments typically show high values of transmissivities, and springs often emerge from associated systems of conduits or caves (Allen et al 1997; Amoruso et al 2013; Maurice et al 2016; Bauer et al 2016). As a consequence, several authors highlight the need to model turbulent flow in correspondence of faults in karst environments (Bauer et al 2003; Hill et al 2010; Gallegos et al 2013; Saller et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of contaminant transport in fractured carbonate aquifer types: a case study of the Permian Magnesian Limestone Group (NE England, UK)

Medici

West

Chapman

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Viruses and bacteria which are characterized by finite lives in the subsurface are rapidly transported via fractures and cavities in fractured and karst aquifers. Here, we demonstrate how the coupling of a robust outcrop characterization and hydrogeophysical borehole testing is essential for prediction of contaminant velocities and hence wellhead protection areas. To show this, we use the dolostones of the Permian Magnesian Limestone aquifer in NE England, where we incorporated such information in a groundwater flow and particle tracking model. Within this aquifer, flow in relatively narrow (mechanical aperture of~10 −1-1 mm) fractures is coupled with that in pipe cavities (~0.20-m diameter) following normal faults. Karstic cavities and narrow fractures are hydraulically very different. Thus, the solutional features are represented within the model by a pipe network (which accounts for turbulence) embedded within an equivalent porous medium representing Darcian flowing fractures. Incorporation of fault conduits in a groundwater model shows that they strongly influence particle tracking results. Despite this, away from faulted areas, the effective flow porosity of the equivalent porous medium remains a crucial parameter. Here, we recommend as most appropriate a relatively low value of effective porosity (of 2.8 × 10 −4) based on borehole hydrogeophysical testing. This contrasts with earlier studies using particle tracking analyses on analogous carbonate aquifers, which used much higher values of effective porosity, typically~10 2 times higher than our value, resulting in highly non-conservative estimates of aquifer vulnerability. Low values of effective flow porosities yield modelled flow velocities ranging from~100 up to~500 m/day in un-faulted areas. However, the high fracturing density and presence of karstic cavities yield modelled flow velocities up to~9000 m/day in fault zones. The combination of such flow velocities along particle traces results in 400-day particle traces up to 8-km length, implying the need for large well protection areas and high aquifer vulnerability to slowly degrading contaminants.

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La ecología de invertebrados del acuífero Chalk en Inglaterra (UK)

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Distribution of macroinvertebrate communities across surface and groundwater habitats in response to hydrological variability

Distribution of macroinvertebrate communities across surface and groundwater habitats in response to hydrological variability

Emerging organic contaminants in karst groundwater: A global level assessment

Prediction of contaminant transport in fractured carbonate aquifer types: a case study of the Permian Magnesian Limestone Group (NE England, UK)

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