La economía del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: Algunos hechos estilizados

Galindo, Luis Miguel; Samaniego, Joseluis

doi:10.18356/db23b30f-es

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Declines in spring-summer rainfall are expected in areas where radiata pine is planted due to climate change in Chile (Galindo and Samaniego 2010). Our results suggest that reductions in site water availability may be expected to cause reductions in leaf area of radiata pine plantations, which will cause significant productivity declines.…”

Section: Effect Of Leaf Area On Growthmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In recent decades in Chile, climatic trends have reduced water availability and resulted in more erratic rainfall within years and more frequent and severe summer droughts; this has been associated with reduced forest growth (Neuenschwander 2010). It is anticipated that this trend of reduced rainfall in temperate and Mediterranean plantation zones will continue in the future (Mullan et al 2005;Galindo and Samaniego 2010;Neuenschwander 2010;Kirschbaum et al 2012). It is therefore important to quantify the effect of water availability on LAI and consequently stand growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf area and growth of Chilean radiata pine plantations after thinning across a water stress gradient

Ojeda

Rubilar

Montes

et al. 2018

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Background: Pinus radiata D.Don has been established in a wide range of soils and climatic conditions, showing high variability in both leaf area and volume productivity. Previous research has shown that plantation yield is affected by water availability, but the majority of this work has been done in unthinned stands and provided little insight on the effect of water availability on the productivity of thinned plantations. In order to improve forest productivity for plantations under a climate change scenario, we must understand the effect of plantation management, including thinning on the relationships among available water, leaf area index, and productivity. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of site water availability on the leaf area production and consequent volume growth in thinned radiata pine plantations over a water availability gradient. Methods: The effect of site available water on leaf area production and consequent volume growth in thinned Pinus radiata plantations over a water availability gradient across five sites in central and southern-central Chile was determined. Results: Regression analysis revealed water deficit to be related to both leaf area index and volume growth accounting for 77 and 78% of the variation respectively. Eighty-one percent of the variation in volume growth was explained by the leaf area index. Results showed a growth efficiency of 5 m 3 ha −1 per unit of leaf area index. Conclusions: Strong linear positive relationships between site water availability, leaf area, and stand growth after thinning found in this research suggest that water is the key factor controlling current productivity of radiata pine plantations across sites. A simple and robust water index that is well correlated with leaf area and stand annual volume growth allows for the construction of a simple predictive model that may support management decisions for radiata pine plantations.

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Section: Effect Of Leaf Area On Growthmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf area and growth of Chilean radiata pine plantations after thinning across a water stress gradient

Ojeda

Rubilar

Montes

et al. 2018

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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“…Así, en el documento La ine ficiencia de la desigualdad la cepal (2018) estableció por vez primera la co rrelación entre las tasas de crecimiento económico y las emisiones en la región, así como la tasa de descarbonización necesaria para sostener el crecimiento dentro de los límites de la seguridad climática y a fin de cumplir con el Acuerdo de París, o su aproximación inversa: la tasa de crecimiento del pib compatible con la tasa de descarbonización observada, a escalas regional, nacional y sectorial (Bárcena, Samaniego, Peres y Alatorre, 2020). Esta relación se nutrió de los trabajos previos de la cepal en materia de elasticidad ingreso nacional de las emisiones provenientes del consumo de energías fósiles y sobre la correlación entre la distribución del ingreso por percentiles y el consumo de combustibles fósiles, así como de las elasticidades comparadas entre países desarrollados y países de América Latina y el Caribe (Galindo y Samaniego, 2010).…”

Section: Ingreso Bajounclassified

Medio ambiente y desarrollo en un contexto centro-periferia

2022

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El crecimiento económico, que ha posibilitado un incremento en los niveles de bienestar, ha tenido como consecuencia inmediata la degradación ambiental por consumo neto de naturaleza y por contaminación. Es así como el patrón de desarrollo actual está erosionando las mismas bases que lo sustentan. Este documento tiene como objetivo presentar los aportes que se han realizado durante la última década desde la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) a la discusión sobre la relación entre desarrollo y medio ambiente, cuya más reciente innovación ha sido la introducción del modelo de las tres brechas. A partir de éste, se hace patente que solamente una trayectoria permite el cabal cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030 y del Acuerdo de París. A fin de transitar hacia este escenario se requiere una recomposición de la estructura sectorial inducida por la coherencia en las políticas públicas para la habilitación regulatoria y el cambio en la rentabilidad relativa favorable a los sectores tractores de la transición.

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“…Studies on the impacts of climate change on water resources, rainfall patterns, biodiversity and agro-biodiversity suggest that changes will be more intense for developing countries [ 5 , 6 ] where special ecological conditions, rural poverty and hunger due to the unequal distribution of income, land and water, threaten the continuity of small rural production systems [ 7 – 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional climate knowledge: a case study in a peasant community of Tlaxcala, Mexico

Rivero-Romero

Moreno-Calles

Casas

et al. 2016

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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BackgroundTraditional climate knowledge is a comprehensive system of insights, experiences and practices used by peasant communities to deal with the uncertainties of climate conditions affecting their livelihood. This knowledge is today as relevant in the Mesoamerican and Andean regions as it is in Europe and Asia. Our research sought to analyze the traditional knowledge about the weather and climate in a rural village of the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico, and its importance in decision-making in agriculture.MethodsThrough 30 interviews and participant observation in the community during 2013, information was gathered about traditional climate and weather indicators and prediction tools, as well as rituals and agronomic and agroforestry strategies. This information allowed for the reconstruction of the community’s agro-festive calendar. Data analysis was carried out with the help of the qualitative analysis software Atlas.ti (version 7).ResultsThe socio-ecological importance of traditional knowledge about the climate lies in its ability to forecast local weather conditions and recognize climate variations, so vital to the food security of rural families. Knowledge about climate predictors is exchanged and passed on from generation to generation, contributing to the preservation and promotion of biodiversity. By observing the behavior of 16 animals and 12 plant species (both domestic and wild) as well as seven astronomical indicators, villagers are able to predict rain, dry weather and frosts. However, the continuity of this traditional knowledge in the community under study is now compromised by the little interest in agriculture characteristic of the younger generations, the ensuing abandonment of the countryside, the widespread economic crisis and the disappearance of animal and plant species.ConclusionsTraditional climate knowledge includes the understanding of weather events and weather changes at different time scales (hours, days, weeks, and seasons). The ability to interpret weather events thanks to the accumulated knowledge about the climate through generations may prove today a relevant tool for improving agricultural practices and dealing with local and global socio-ecological changes.

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La economía del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: Algunos hechos estilizados

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Leaf area and growth of Chilean radiata pine plantations after thinning across a water stress gradient

Leaf area and growth of Chilean radiata pine plantations after thinning across a water stress gradient

Medio ambiente y desarrollo en un contexto centro-periferia

Traditional climate knowledge: a case study in a peasant community of Tlaxcala, Mexico

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