La fièvre Q bovine. Effet de la vaccination et de l'antibiothérapie sur l'évolution clinique et l'excrétion de Coxiella dans le lait et les sécrétions utérines

Woernle, H.; Limouzin, Claude; Muler, K.; Durand, Maurice P.

doi:10.4267/2042/65037

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…To our knowledge, such a design had never been implemented before, especially in dairy cattle, making our results hardly comparable to those reported in the literature. Indeed, previous studies dealing with Coxiella detection in ruminants were carried out either in experimental conditions [3,28] and/or without any assessment of the individual shedding kinetic pattern [1,5,36] except for one study dealing with Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk for 5 cows over 4 weeks [18]. Moreover, on the contrary to the latter studies, cows were here sampled concomitantly on three routes, owing to the risk of considering a cow to be a false non shedder, based on a PCR response obtained from only one type of biological sample [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Guatteo

Beaudeau

Joly³

et al. 2007

Vet. Res.

147

142

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-While shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii are identified, the characteristics of Coxiella shedding are still widely unknown, especially in dairy cattle. However, this information is crucial to assess the natural course of Coxiella burnetii infection within a herd and then to elaborate strategies to limit the risks of transmission between animals and to humans. The present study aimed at (i) describing the characteristics of Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows (in milk, vaginal mucus, faeces) in five infected dairy herds, and at (ii) investigating the possible relationships between shedding patterns and serological responses. A total of 145 cows were included in a follow-up consisting of seven concomitant samplings of milk, vaginal mucus, faeces and blood (Day 0, D7, D14, D21, D28, D63, D90). Detection and quantification of Coxiella burnetii titres were performed in milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples using real-time PCR assay, while antibodies against Coxiella were detected using an ELISA technique. For a given shedding route, and a given periodicity (weekly or monthly), cows were gathered into different shedding kinetic patterns according to the sequence of PCR responses. Distribution of estimated titres in Coxiella burnetii was described according to shedding kinetic patterns. Coxiella burnetii shedding was found scarcely and sporadically in faeces. Vaginal mucus shedding concerned almost 50% of the cows studied and was found intermittently or sporadically, depending on the periodicity considered. Almost 40% of cows were detected as milk shedders, with two predominant shedding patterns: persistent and sporadic, regardless of the sampling periodicity. Significantly higher estimated titres in Coxiella burnetii were observed in cows with persistent shedding patterns suggesting the existence of heavy shedder cows. These latter cows were mostly, persistently highly-seropositive, suggesting that repeated serological testings could be a reliable tool to screen heavy shedders, before using PCR assays. dairy cow / Coxiella burnetii / shedding / antibodies / kinetics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Guatteo

Beaudeau

Joly³

et al. 2007

Vet. Res.

147

142

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“…Antibiotics (e.g. tetracyclines) are recognised to reduce the incidence of abortions but do not prevent Coxiella burnetii shedding [25,35]. Recent experimental results obtained in vaccinated and then challenged dairy goats [4] using a phase I vaccine demonstrated a drastic reduction of Coxiella burnetii shedding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

et al. 2006

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-Reliable detection of Coxiella burnetii shedders is a critical point for the control of the spread of this bacterium among animals and from animals to humans. Coxiella burnetii is shed by ruminants mainly by birth products (placenta, birth fluids), but may also be shed by vaginal mucus, milk, and faeces, urine and semen. However, the informative value of these types of samples to identify shedders under field conditions is unknown. Our aim was then to describe the responses obtained using a real-time PCR technique applied to milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples taken from 242 dairy cows in commercial dairy herds known to be naturally infected with Coxiella burnetii, and to assess their putative associations. Positive results were found in all types of tested samples even in faeces. No predominant shedding route was identified. Among the shedder cows, 65.4% were detected as shedders by only one route. By contrast, cows with positive results for all three samples were scarce (less than 7%). Testing a cow based on only one type of biological sample may lead to misclassify it with regards to its shedding of Coxiella burnetii and thereby underestimate the risk of bacterial spread within a herd. dairy cows / Coxiella burnetii / shedding routes / real-time PCR / Q fever

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“…Currently, antibiotic treatment does not stop shedding [269, 270]. It could also prove useful to prevent infection of pregnant women by inhibiting shedding of bacteria by domestic cats and dogs.…”

Section: Control Methods and Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification of an antibiotic capable of severely diminishing or completely stopping shedding would radically modify the management of Coxiella infection at a herd level. Currently, antibiotic treatment does not stop shedding [ 269 , 270 ]. It could also prove useful to prevent infection of pregnant women by inhibiting shedding of bacteria by domestic cats and dogs.…”

Section: Control Methods and Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q Fever: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives of Research of a Neglected Zoonosis

Porter

Czaplicki²,

Mainil

et al. 2011

International Journal of Microbiology

195

201

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Q fever is an ubiquitous zoonosis caused by an resistant intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. In certain areas, Q fever can be a severe public health problem, and awareness of the disease must be promoted worldwide. Nevertheless, knowledge of Coxiella burnetii remains limited to this day. Its resistant (intracellular and environmental) and infectious properties have been poorly investigated. Further understanding of the interactions between the infected host and the bacteria is necessary. Domestic ruminants are considered as the main reservoir of bacteria. Infected animals shed highly infectious organisms in milk, feces, urine, vaginal mucus, and, very importantly, birth products. Inhalation is the main route of infection. Frequently asymptomatic in humans and animals, Q fever can cause acute or chronic infections. Financial consequences of infection can be dramatic at herd level. Vaccination with inactive whole-cell bacteria has been performed and proved effective in humans and animals. However, inactive whole-cell vaccines present several defects. Recombinant vaccines have been developed in experimental conditions and have great potential for the future. Q fever is a challenging disease for scientists as significant further investigations are necessary. Great research opportunities are available to reach a better understanding and thus a better prevention and control of the infection.

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La fièvre Q bovine. Effet de la vaccination et de l'antibiothérapie sur l'évolution clinique et l'excrétion de Coxiella dans le lait et les sécrétions utérines

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

Q Fever: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives of Research of a Neglected Zoonosis

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