This research aims to highlight the importance of water infrastructure which, although small in scale, has a major impact on the environment. For this purpose, a historical tour of the organized communities and their disappearance is made in order to make all the factors by which their disappearance was validated visible, and also to locate the new organized communities, called “village republics” by various authors. On the other hand, many authors point out that small vernacular hydraulic works have great advantages over large works, because they are small and easily adapted to the geographic region, in addition to the fact that the communities in which they are located have the appropriate knowledge to manage them. This research finally advocates for the recovery and support of small works as a policy strategy for the conservation of the environment.