La villa gallo-romaine des Laurons (Quartier Saint-Pierre) Les Arcs-sur- Argens, Var.

Bérato, Jacques; Borréani, Marc; Leguilloux, Martine

doi:10.3406/dam.1990.1014

Cited by 6 publications

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“…30). Les résultats de cette intervention furent publiés (Bérato et al, 1990) sans que l'installation du moulin hydraulique ne fût alors identifiée.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…: . ■ ' > ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Aix-en-Provenceïy:: Cette découverte a attiré notre attention sur des structures similaires que Marc Borréani et Michel Pasqualini avaient fouillées en 1984 au lieu-dit Saint-Pierre/Les Laurons sur la commune des Arcs (Var), lors de la construction d'un lotissement (Bérato et al, 1990). Les plans des deux moulins sont très proches et leur étude mérite une publication conjointe.…”

Section: Arles Barbegalunclassified

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Deux moulins hydrauliques du Haut-Empire romain en Narbonnaise : villae des Mesclans à La Crau et de Saint-Pierre/Les Laurons aux Arcs (Var)

Brun

Borréani

1998

galia

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qui nous a quittés durant la fouille des Mesclans l. Mots-clés. Narbonnaise, moulin hydraulique, huilerie, installation vinicole, Haut-Empire, aqueduc. Keywords. Gallia Narbonensis, water-mill, oil press, winepress, Early Roman Empire, aquaduct. Résumé. Deux moulins hydrauliques d'époque romaine ont été mis au jour en 1984 et en 1996 lors de fouilles d'urgence dans le département du Var : villa de Saint-Pierre /Les Laurons aux Arcs et villa des Mesclans à La Crau. Tous deux sont datés du Haut-Empire (probablement du IIe s.) et ils ont fonctionné jusqu'au milieu du IIP s. environ. Ils faisaient partie de villae produisant, outre des céréales, du vin et de l'huile. Ces moulins pourraient avoir été utilisés pour couvrir les besoins des habitants et des travailleurs du domaine. Leur existence pose le problème de la fréquence de l'utilisation de l'énergie hydraulique car ces moulins étaient relativement courants non seulement dans les villes et à leurs abords, mais aussi dans les campagnes : les exemples se multiplient dans l'ensemble du bassin méditerranéen (notamment en Italie, en Afrique), en Gaule et en Bretagne.

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“…30). Les résultats de cette intervention furent publiés (Bérato et al, 1990) sans que l'installation du moulin hydraulique ne fût alors identifiée.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Arles Barbegalunclassified

Deux moulins hydrauliques du Haut-Empire romain en Narbonnaise : villae des Mesclans à La Crau et de Saint-Pierre/Les Laurons aux Arcs (Var)

Brun

Borréani

1998

galia

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Hastorf

1999

Journal of Archaeological Research

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Farming in Mediterranean France and Rural Settlement in the late Roman and Early Medieval Periods: the Contribution from Archaeology and Environmental Sciences in the last Twenty Years (1980–2000)

Durand

Leveau

2004

The Making of Feudal Agricultures?

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or in the Lives of Saints. On the other hand, descriptive or financial accounts, compiled primarily for military or taxation purposes do not appear until the 7 th and 8 th C with the two polyptychs of Waldade and Ansefred, advocatus of the Bishop of Béziers. At the very end of the 8 th C royal and imperial proclamations of gifts or confirmations throw some light on rural Languedoc and Provence. It is only in the second half of the 10 th C that diplomatic acts begin to form series coherent enough to shed light upon agricultural systems. Even so, the interpretation of these sources encounter problems, in particular of vocabulary. Thus it is hard to elicit the meaning of such key terms as aratrum (ard or plough) or frumentum (winter or spring cereals). To obtain a more complete picture of agricultural regimes, one must therefore turn to archaeology. But here the medieval period is less easily legible on the ground than the late Roman period: in surveys greater use of lime in masonry and the better quality of pottery favour the Roman period in comparison with the Early Middle Ages whose remains are difficult to trace. Therefore the Roman period is over-represented in relative terms. This bias is largely illusory but it combines with a miserabilist school of interpretation of often tenuous remains to reinforce the image of a period of decline experienced by the second part of the first millennium AD.Some twenty years ago, J. Chapelot and R. Fossier berated the Mediterranean coast as the one region of Europe where, -with some notable exceptions, amongst which Provence -archaeological research in the rural environment was least advanced (Chapelot and Fossier 1980, 70). In fact, from that time onwards a fundamental change in the attitude of archeologists was beginning to take shape and is at the origin of much recent progress. P.-A. Février was already drawing attention, in the 1970s, to the strength of new research on settlement and population patterns, a research area he was particularly keen to encourage (Février 1978) and which he reviewed in the catalogue of the exhibition Premiers temps chrétiens en Gaule méridionale (Février 1986) At the same time, the traditional historical view of the Early Middle Ages as a Dark Age where people, driven to despair by recurrent famines due to very poor if not basic farming practices, were resorting to cannibalism was being challenged at the Flaran colloquium (1992). The way was open to a new more sophisticated reading of the documents and to a better integration of archaeological research, which itself was in the process of reorientation. These developments allow the breaking down of barriers between fields of research formerly artificially segmented into institutionalised chronological compartments. They open new paths which an increasing number of researchers are eager to take and, at present, the Ministry of Culture actively promotes archaeological research on the periods under discussion.By definition, agriculture aims to model, adapt and transform a natural milieu to produce...

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La villa gallo-romaine des Laurons (Quartier Saint-Pierre) Les Arcs-sur- Argens, Var.

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Deux moulins hydrauliques du Haut-Empire romain en Narbonnaise : villae des Mesclans à La Crau et de Saint-Pierre/Les Laurons aux Arcs (Var)

Deux moulins hydrauliques du Haut-Empire romain en Narbonnaise : villae des Mesclans à La Crau et de Saint-Pierre/Les Laurons aux Arcs (Var)

Untitled

Farming in Mediterranean France and Rural Settlement in the late Roman and Early Medieval Periods: the Contribution from Archaeology and Environmental Sciences in the last Twenty Years (1980–2000)

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