“…As for the applications, many studies are directed to biosensing applications, including the detection of DNA hybridization [56,91], determination of glucose [92,93] and okadaic acid [94], as well as immunoassays of antigens [95]. Many studies are especially oriented to the detection of clinical biomarkers such as circulating tumor cells [96], alphafetoprotein [97], 1,5-anhydroglucitol [98], glypican-3 [99], and low-density lipoprotein [100]. The light-addressing technologies are also applied to cells, including the detection of extracellular acidification due to metabolism [67,101], light absorption of live cells [102], action potentials of cardiomyocytes [103], and apoptosis [104].…”