Label free identification of the different status of anemia disease using optimized double-slot cascaded microring resonator

Abstract

An optical-based label-free biosensors including two indirectly coupled double-slot-waveguide-based microring resonator was designed and optimized for sensing purpose. Then, the optimized system was applied for the detection of hemoglobin concentration in anemia disease. The results were simulated based on the variational finite-difference time domain (varFDTD) method using the Lumerical software (Mode solutions) and the optimum geometrical parameters were determined to realize an optimum light transmission via the sensor. Nine different concentrations of hemoglobin in men and women were applied into the sensor and the status of anemia was identified based on the patients’ gender and different status of anemia disease, including the normal, mild, moderate, severe and life-threatening status. A sensitivity as high as 1024 nm/RIU with the minimum deflection limit of 4.88 × 10–6 RIU were measured for this biosensor, which introduces a high precision and micro-scale lab-on-a-chip micro device for health monitoring of the anemia.

Sensitivity Estimation of a Planar Optical Waveguide Using Broadband Difference Interferometeric Principle for Detection of Hemoglobin Concentration in Blood

“…Further, the difference of TE 0 and TM 0 propagation constants, i.e., ∆β(λ, n c ) as a function of the wavelength at considered film thicknesses is plotted as shown in Fig. 5, and hence phase difference dependence ∆φ(λ, n c ) is calculated using Equation (10). It is clear from this figure that at film thickness of 300 nm, 350 nm, and 400 nm, ∆β(λ, n c ) first increases up to their respective maximum value 0.01683 µm −1 , 0.01446 µm −1 , and 0.01265 µm −1 , and then starts decreasing under considered wavelength range.…”

“…An optical biosensor consists of a bio-receptor to capture the target analyte and a transducer whose optical properties, such as absorption, reflectance, emission, and interferometeric pattern, is altered in the presence of analyte [7,8]. There are various popular methods for monitoring the change in optical properties, and some of these methods are surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [9], microring resonators [10,11], reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RifS) [12], photonic interferometric biosensors [13], and planar waveguide interferometers [9,14]. Out of these methods, it is suggested that the interferometeric analysis provides larger sensitivity by operating them on single wavelength [15].…”

Design and Modeling of a Fully Integrated Microring-Based Photonic Sensing System for Liquid Refractometry

“…Among the various approaches to implementing refractometry systems, phase-sensitive circuits are the most attractive in terms of technological viability and efficiency. Widely used schemes for detecting changes in the physical properties of an analyte include fiber (FBG) and waveguide (WBG) Bragg gratings [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], waveguide Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZI) [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], and microring (MRR) or microdisk (MDR) resonators [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

“…Among all existing types of sensors on PICs, MRR is the most used [ 17 ]. MRRs have great potential to implement label-free detectors because they are fast, energy-efficient, and have a significant sensitivity to detect biomolecules in liquids and gases [ 12 , 13 ]. MRR fabrication technology is widely applied, and silicon MRRs can be integrated into a microfluidic system [ 11 ].…”

“…Specifically, for the MRR sensors on SOI, sensitivity does not exceed 100 nm/RIU [ 18 , 19 ]. MRR cascading [ 13 , 20 ], subwavelength grating microring [ 21 , 22 ], or phase-shifted Bragg grating microring [ 23 ] have been proposed to increase the sensitivity.…”