Labor market assimilation of immigrants in Spain: employment at the expense of bad job-matches?

Fernández, Cristina; Ortega, Carolina

doi:10.1007/s10108-007-9032-4

Cited by 151 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The percentages of immigrants with secondary (33.8%) or university (8.4%) studies are larger than those for natives (29.3% and 5.9%). The same result has also been found in Fernández and Ortega (2008) and Díaz-Serrano (2012).…”

Section: Descriptive Statisticssupporting

confidence: 86%

Disparities in work, risk and health between immigrants and native-born Spaniards

Solé

Díaz-Serrano

Rodrı́guez

2013

Social Science & Medicine

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We analyse the impact of working and contractual conditions, particularly exposure to job risks, on the probability of acquiring a permanent disability, controlling for other personal and firm characteristics. We postulate a model in which this impact is mediated by the choice of occupation, with a level of risk associated with it. We assume this choice is endogenous, and that it depends on preferences and opportunities in the labour market, both of which may differ between immigrants and natives. To test this hypothesis we apply a bivariate probit model to data for 2006 from the Continuous Sample of Working Lives provided by the Spanish Social Security system, containing records for over a million workers. We find that risk exposure increases the probability of permanent disability -arising from any cause -by almost 5%. Temporary employment and low-skilled jobs also have a positive impact. Increases in education reduce the likelihood of disability, even after controlling for the impact of education on the choice of (lower) risk. Females have a greater probability of becoming disabled. Migrant status -with differences among regions of origin -significantly affects both disability and the probability of being employed in a high-risk occupation. In spite of immigrants' working conditions being objectively worse, they exhibit a lower probability of becoming disabled than natives because the impact of such conditions on disability is much smaller in their case. Time elapsed since first enrolment in the Social Security system increases the probability of disability in a proportion similar to that of natives, which is consistent with the immigrant assimilation hypothesis. We finally conclude that our theoretical hypothesis that disability and risk are jointly determined is only valid for natives and not valid for immigrants, in the sense that, for them, working conditions are not a matter of choice in terms of health. There is no conflict of interest. *Cover PageResearch highlights  Risk exposure, temporary employment and low-skill jobs have a substantial positive effect on the probability of disability. The presence of immigrants in the three unhealthy working conditions is relatively higher than that of natives. Immigrants are less likely to become disabled; in part because the impact of the work variables is smaller in their case. There are some differences among immigrants by region of origin, calling for caution to avoid over generalisation. AbstractWe analyse the impact of working and contractual conditions, particularly exposure to job risks, on the probability of acquiring a permanent disability, controlling for other personal and firm characteristics. We postulate a model in which this impact is mediated by the choice of occupation, with a level of risk associated with it. We assume this choice is endogenous, and that it depends on preferences and opportunities in the labour market, both of which may differ between immigrants and natives. To test this hypothesis we apply a bivariate probit mode...

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Section: Descriptive Statisticssupporting

confidence: 86%

Disparities in work, risk and health between immigrants and native-born Spaniards

Solé

Díaz-Serrano

Rodrı́guez

2013

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Overall, these results imply that the young may still have a comparatively higher probability of mismatch after controlling for other relevant factors. First-and second-generation immigrants face higher risk of mismatch (Aleksynska and Tritah 2013;Tarvid 2012) and residence duration seems to have no effect on it (Aleksynska and Tritah 2013;Fernández and Ortega 2008). Where overeducation decreases with the length of stay, it was interpreted as immigrants preferring unemployment (Støren and Wiers-Jenssen 2010), may be affected by the country's skillbased immigration policy (Tani 2012), or happens only for specific types of education (Beckhusen et al 2013).…”

Section: Determinants Of Job Polarization and Skills Mismatchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe

Sparreboom

Tarvid

2016

J Labour Market Res

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This paper considers the education of the labour force based on an analysis of trends in and the relationships between job polarization and skills mismatch. Both job polarization and skills mismatch have become topics of increasing interest, but relationships between the two have been relatively neglected in the literature. We argue that the relationship between polarization and skills mismatch is an empirical matter, which we analyse at both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level in European countries. A novel job polarization index (JPI) is proposed to measure imbalanced job polarization. It takes into account not only the change in the share of medium-level jobs, as is typical for measuring pure polarization, but also the imbalance between the change in high-level and low-level jobs. Skills mismatch at macrolevel is measured by a skills mismatch index (SMI), while traditional measures of undereducation and overeducation are used at the microeconomic level. At the macroeconomic level, we estimate a system of two equations, one for each of the country-level variables gauging polarization and mismatch, respectively. Imbalanced job polarization measured Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12651-016-0196-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Responsibility for opinions expressed in this paper rests solely with the authors and does not constitute an endorsement by the ILO. by the JPI negatively affects skills mismatch at the macroeconomic level (SMI), but there is no significant reverse effect. Thereafter we consider the microeconomic level and study the determinants of mismatch using multi-level mixed effects logistic models. The effect of imbalanced job polarization on individual-level mismatch was arguably favourable for individuals in non-crisis time, decreasing overeducation risk although also increasing the chances of undereducation, both gauged using the normative measure, but unfavourable during the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the following two years.

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“…It was considered appropriate to do a case study examining a contemporary phenomenon (Yin, 2009), such as the setting up of a business by immigrants, which is relatively new in Spanish society and its economy (Fernández & Ortega, 2008). We used multiple case designs that allowed us to draw up a contrast between the heuristic model and empirical reality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Information and Experience Play a Role in the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities? The Case of Latin-American Immigrants in Barcelona

Aliaga-Isla

Rialp

2012

Latin American Business Review

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Labor market assimilation of immigrants in Spain: employment at the expense of bad job-matches?

Abstract: J11, J21, J61, Immigration, Assimilation, Labor force participation, Unemployment, Overeducation, Temporary contracts,

Cited by 151 publications

References 27 publications

Disparities in work, risk and health between immigrants and native-born Spaniards

Disparities in work, risk and health between immigrants and native-born Spaniards

Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe

How Do Information and Experience Play a Role in the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities? The Case of Latin-American Immigrants in Barcelona

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