Labor Participation of Retirement-Aged Workers

Abstract

Background: Delayed retirement initiative is taken as one of the proposed solutions to population aging. Rare research attention has been paid to determinants in decisions-making of late retirement. Method: This study applies data from CHARLS survey (2018) that traces the health status among older adults in China, and implements the stepwise multiple regression analysis adjusted with robust standard errors on individual level. Results: The difficulty in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and chronic conditions could increase the intention of retirement-aged workers to withdraw from late career participation; and the overlay of both would interact to reinforce such intention. Besides, the employment-related social pension participation could further strengthen the jointly contributing effect of both on withdrawal from late career participation. Conclusion: The triple interaction mechanism in retirement-aged workers' decisions of late retirement needs considering in the policy formulation of delayed retirement initiative.

Late-Life Working Participation and Mental Health Risk of Retirement-Aged Workers

“…However, due to the imperfect social pension system in China, there are some types of social pension schemes (eg, the basic pension for urban and rural residents) whose benefits even barely cover the costs of living. 49 Even so, the above finding could imply that such meager pensions were still considered an indispensable financial source for retirement-aged workers who had reached mandatory retirement age, which as well reflected the prominent problem of elderly poverty in China, especially among those without stable employment relationships before the mandatory retirement age. Considering the imperfect social health insurance and social pension systems, the spontaneous late-life working participation may have already existed on a certain scale in China.…”

“…Moreover, the finding of the strengthening role of late-life working participation in alleviating depression for late retirees still in the pension contribution phase, also in the other way, reflected the vital importance of pension as the financial security in alleviating depression in old-age life. However, due to the imperfect social pension system in China, there are some types of social pension schemes (eg, the basic pension for urban and rural residents) whose benefits even barely cover the costs of living 49 . Even so, the above finding could imply that such meager pensions were still considered an indispensable financial source for retirement-aged workers who had reached mandatory retirement age, which as well reflected the prominent problem of elderly poverty in China, especially among those without stable employment relationships before the mandatory retirement age.…”

How Late-Life Working Affects Depression Among Retirement-Aged Workers? An Examination of the Influence Paths of Job-Related (Non–Job-Related) Physical Activity and Social Contact

“…Delayed retirement extends the working life of retirement-aged workers while increasing physical demands associated with work. 31 The decline in physical fitness of retirement-aged workers could not keep up with physical loads, often followed by vulnerability to injuries. It is thus likely that under the challenge of delayed retirement that brings job-related physical demands for retirement-aged workers, the time spent on non-job-related physical activity may be reduced.…”

“…Delayed retirement extends the working life of retirement-aged workers while increasing physical demands associated with work 31 . The decline in physical fitness of retirement-aged workers could not keep up with physical loads, often followed by vulnerability to injuries.…”

Health Insurances and the Health-Related Work Capacity of Retirement-Aged Workers

“…These social health insurance schemes can encourage healthcare utilization of older adults who are susceptible to illness and mitigate their burden of out-of-pocket expenses 28 . Given the wider coverage range and higher reimbursement rate of UEBMI than others, 42 the UEBMI beneficiaries could seek for better healthcare service to lower the risk of decline in work capacity due to health problems.…”