2021
DOI: 10.1007/s12061-021-09414-2
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Labor Shrinkage and its Driving Forces in China from 1990 to 2015: A Geographical Analysis

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Cited by 8 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The reason why Chinese traditional culture can be maintained for a long time is that it will not be interrupted like other ancient civilizations and it has formed a Chinese culture dominated by farming culture, a small-scale peasant economy that is economically self-sufficient, and a conservative and closed national psychology. The natural geographical environment is inseparable [ 8 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reason why Chinese traditional culture can be maintained for a long time is that it will not be interrupted like other ancient civilizations and it has formed a Chinese culture dominated by farming culture, a small-scale peasant economy that is economically self-sufficient, and a conservative and closed national psychology. The natural geographical environment is inseparable [ 8 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…目标 [38,39] [40] , 也有少量研究将户籍人口 [41] 、 就业人口 [42] 、 迁移人口 [43] Dunne 等 [44] 的企业进入、 退出率及 Aghion 等 [23] 的企 莞开始显现, 并取得一定成效 [27] 。由于产业转型与 技术进步, 发达都市圈的人口收缩现象, 并非必然 导向衰退特征, 提高人力资本水平, 促进技术密集 型和服务业的发展, 有助于消除劳动力短缺对经济 发展的影响 [46] 。 以从劳动力供给与需求的视角得到解释 [46] 。需求方 面, 原材料、 人力等生产经营成本攀升叠加逆全球 化下的需求萎缩和投资低迷, 压缩了处于价值链低 端的劳动密集型产业利润空间, 驱使这类企业迁往 成本更低的中西部城市或东南亚地区, 同步造成就 业岗位的流失; 供给方面, 2012 年以来社会劳动年 龄人口总量减少 [39] 叠加城镇化第二阶段的欠发达城 镇人口外流 [47] , 造成传统制造业企业的用工短缺和 生存困难。除了制造业, 人口收缩程度与全行业、 其他产业部类的企业更替程度不存在显著的相关 性, 即并非人口收缩程度越高、 企业更替越低。其 可能的原因: ①随着人口的下降, 收缩地区负外部 性得到改善, 有利于集聚效应继续发挥积极作用, 甚至从中获益更多 [25,48] ; ②具有适应能力的收缩地 区可以凭借腾退资源获取新的竞争优势 [49] 地区往往更依赖土地价值变现 [13] 。 4.2 发达都市圈局部收缩的机制动因 中小城镇人口向大都市迁移的过程实质上是 区域城市空间重构中发展要素的再 "区位" , 综合区 位优势显著的地区发展要素增长, 劣势的地区发展 要素被 "空间剥夺" , 进而陷入收缩 [33] 。大部分局部 收缩地区的人口数量会在短时间外流后达到相对 稳定, 对收缩地区的治理也将逐步跳出增长语境回 归理性, 但区位限制下能实现 "瘦身强体" 的仍是少 数 [34] 。基于此, 根据深圳都市圈人口收缩街镇的区 位特征, 分为 "内城收缩" "中心城区边缘收缩" "大 都市圈外围收缩" 3 类 (图 6) 。分别选取 3 类收缩街 表 6 非收缩街镇每万人企业更替量的多元逐步回归结果 市规划的路径可能使城镇陷于 "被动收缩" "被动衰 退" 的风险中 [51] , 带来低效空间的增长 [52] [ 2 ] 张旭亮, 周思敏. 中国县域人口收缩空间格局与影响因素 [J].…”
Section: 引言unclassified
“…(2) Severity: Based on an analysis of the state of urban population shrinkage in different time periods, Liu et al (2020b) divided shrinking cities into four categories: continuous shrinkage, growth-to-shrinkage, shrinkage-to-growth, and continuous growth. Wu et al (2020) looked at prefectural-level cities in Northeast China, and divided them into four types: severe shrinkage, moderate shrinkage, mild shrinkage, and non-shrinkage.…”
Section: Research Progress On Forms and Types Of Urban Shrinkagementioning
confidence: 99%