Laboratory and Field Performance of an Imidacloprid Gel Bait Against German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

Abstract

An experimental 2.15% imidacloprid gel bait containing approximately 44% water was evaluated in laboratory and field studies against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L). In continuous exposure tests, toxicity and presumably bait consumption varied with cockroach stage, deprivation of competitive food, and temperature. The LT50 values for cockroaches provided with competitive food ranged from approximately 0.9 h for adult females to 190 h for small nymphs. The LT50s for cockroaches not provided competitive food ranged from approximately 1.7 h for adult females to approximately 31 h for adult males. The LT50s decreased exponentially with temperature between 10 and 30 degrees C. Even though the bait was significantly more repellent (approximately 38%) than an untreated control (approximately 14%) when tested in Ebeling choice boxes, performance index values were positive and increased to nearly 100 (indicating high mortality and low repellency) after 14 d. When applied at 15-45 g per kitchen, the bait significantly reduced German cockroach trap catch in infested homes during a 4-wk period. There was a approximately 50% reduction after 1 wk and approximately 80% reduction 4 wk after treatment.

Behavioral and Physiological Resistance of the German Cockroach to Gel Baits (Blattodea: Blattellidae)

“…The active ingredients used in these cockroach baits are hydramethylnon, Þpronil, abamectin, and imidacloprid. Gel baits are proven to be convenient to use and highly effective (Appel 1992, Ross 1993, Appel and Benson 1995, Kaakeh et al 1997, Appel and Tanley 2000. They are also safer and more environmentally friendly than insecticide sprays due to their targeted application.…”

Laboratory and Field Performance of an Indoxacarb Bait Against German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

“…Cockroach repellency and mortality were determined in Ebeling choice boxes (Ebeling et al 1966) as described by Appel (1990Appel ( , 1992 and Appel and Tanley (2000). Food and water were placed in the lighted compartment of the choice box.…”

“…Dry baits are thin wafers or small cubes, often contained in a child-resistant exposure station, or dusts and powders applied into horizontal cracks and crevices (Appel 1990). Gel and paste baits contain a relatively large percentage of water (Ն45%; Appel 1992, Appel andTanley 2000) and are also applied directly into horizontal and vertical cracks and crevices with bait guns, spatulas, or syringes. Moist baits must be formulated to remain palatable after drying (Appel 1992).…”

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Certain Attractive Toxic Baits for the Control of the House Fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidac)

“…As a result of continuous use of insecticides to control flies, the problem of resistance began to appeal. House fly insecticides resistance is global problem [6][7][8][9] and has specifically been documented in Egypt [10][11][12][13][14]. Historically house flies have shown great propensity to develop insecticide resistance, new methods need to be evaluated to prevent future control failures.…”