Laboratory and field study on the performance of microcapsule-based self-healing concrete in tunnel engineering

Interfacial Binding Energy between Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates and Epoxy Resin: A Molecular Dynamics Study

“…Currently, microcapsules with a urea-formaldehyde (UF) shell have been proven to be one of the most effective microcapsules for repairing concrete cracks [ 10 , 11 ]. According to research, the core of the microcapsules was prepared by a mixture of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-51), and diluent ( n -butyl glycidyl ether, BGE) was used as the healing agent, while the MC120D or tetrethylenepentamine (TEPA) was mixed as an epoxy curing agent.…”

Critical Aspects in the Development and Integration of Encapsulated Healing Agents in Cement and Concrete

“…Using complex coacervation, spherical polymeric microcapsules in the range of 300-700 μm, with switchable mechanical properties have been developed, while the use of microfluidic devices allowed the development of acrylic microcapsules with adjustable shell properties. References (Yang et al 2009(Yang et al , 2011Ge et al 2011;Dong et al 2012Dong et al , 2016Dong et al , 2017Li et al 2013Li et al , 2016aLi et al , 2016bLi et al , 2017Li et al , 2020aWang et al 2013Wang et al , 2015Wang et al , 2017bWang et al , 2018Wang et al , 2019aWang et al , 2020Song et al 2013;Gilford et al 2014;Litina et al 2014;Perez et al 2015aPerez et al , 2015bMostavi et al 2015;Zhou et al 2015;Giannaros et al 2016;Tan et al 2016;Lv et al 2016aLv et al , 2016bLv et al , 2020bVan Stappen et al 2016;Arce et al 2017;Al-Ansari et al 2017Kim et al 2017;Milla et al 2017;De Nardi et al 2017;García Calvo et al 2017;Souza and Al-Tabbaa 2018;Kim et al 2018;Liu et al 2018;…”

“…Spherical (Giannaros et al 2016a(Giannaros et al , 2016bKanellopoulos et al 2016Kanellopoulos et al , 2017Al-Tabbaa et al 2019;Al-Tabbaa 2019, 2020) Cementitious 8 Spherical or tubular (Sisomphon et al 2011;Formia and Irico 2015;Formia et al 2015aFormia et al , 2016Anglani et al 2020aAnglani et al , 2020bRen et al 2020b;Lv et al 2020a) PMMA, PLA, PS 8 Tubular (Hilloulin et al 2015;Araújo et al 2017Araújo et al , 2018Choi et al 2017aChoi et al , 2017bAnglani et al 2019;Rodríguez et al 2020;Wu et al 2020 (Gruyaert et al 2016;Wang et al 2016;Dong et al 2018aDong et al , 2018b Other 11 Spherical or tubular (Ge et al 2011;Van Tittelboom et al 2012;Li et al 2013Li et al , 2016aDong et al 2015;Xiong et al 2015;De Nardi et al 2017;Fang et al 2018;Souza and Al-Tabbaa 2018;Wang et al 2019a;Lv et al 2020b) sules (29 μm average diameter) under SEM (Beglarigale et al 2018), showed that the encapsulated sodium silicate was in the form of spherical solid particles inside the capsules. It was concluded that sodium silicate was consumed due to cracks on the surface of the capsules that allowed an air-drying process to take place.…”

Microorganism, Carriers, and Immobilization Methods of the Microbial Self-Healing Cement-Based Composites: A Review

“…It was applied to a variety of environments, including tunnels, water channels, foundations, etc. [ 65 , 66 , 67 ].…”