Laboratory confirmation of dengue and chikungunya co-infection

Hapaurachchi, Hac; Bandara, K. B. A. T.; Hapugoda,; Williams, Senani; Abeyewickreme, W.

doi:10.4038/cmj.v53i3.252

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Interestingly, DENV is still circulating in the Caribbean, together with CHIKV. Cases of DENV-CHIKV coinfection in patients were first reported in 1967 (54), and since the emergence of CHIKV, reports of coinfections have been increasing (10,(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63). Both viruses are transmitted by the same mosquito vectors, A. aegypti and A. albopictus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Level of Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Ten American Countries as a Crucial Factor in the Spread of Chikungunya Virus

Vega-Rúa

Zouache

Girod

et al. 2014

J Virol

385

357

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes a major public health problem. In 2004, CHIKV began an unprecedented global expansion and has been responsible for epidemics in Africa, Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean region, and surprisingly, in temperate regions, such as Europe. Intriguingly, no local transmission of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) had been reported in the Americas until recently, despite the presence of vectors and annually reported imported cases. Here, we assessed the vector competence of 35 American Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito populations for three CHIKV genotypes. We also compared the number of viral particles of different CHIKV strains in mosquito saliva at two different times postinfection. Primarily, viral dissemination rates were high for all mosquito populations irrespective of the tested CHIKV isolate. In contrast, differences in transmission efficiency (TE) were underlined in populations of both species through the Americas, suggesting the role of salivary glands in selecting CHIKV for highly efficient transmission. Nonetheless, both mosquito species were capable of transmitting all three CHIKV genotypes, and TE reached alarming rates as high as 83.3% and 96.7% in A. aegypti and A. albopictus populations, respectively. A. albopictus better transmitted the epidemic mutant strain CHIKV_0621 of the East-Central-South African (ECSA) genotype than did A. aegypti, whereas the latter species was more capable of transmitting the original ECSA CHIKV_115 strain and also the Asian genotype CHIKV_NC. Therefore, a high risk of establishment and spread of CHIKV throughout the tropical, subtropical, and even temperate regions of the Americas is more real than ever.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Level of Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Ten American Countries as a Crucial Factor in the Spread of Chikungunya Virus

Vega-Rúa

Zouache

Girod

et al. 2014

J Virol

385

357

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“…In addition, concurrent infection of DENV and CHIKV in patients have been reported in India, Yemen, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia etc. (Chang et al, 2010;Hapuarachchi et al, 2008;Nayar et al, 2007;Rezza et al, 2014;Singh et al, 2012) Accordingly, in the current study, an investigation was carried out to understand the status of DENV and CHIKV infection in a hospital based cross sectional study where patients from Odisha (Eastern part), India with suspected viral fevers were screened for DENV and CHIKV during a dengue outbreak in 2013. Few confirmed DENV cases from Maharashtra (Western part), India were also included in this study to look for DENV-CHIKV co-infection.…”

Section: On the Other Hand Chikungunya Virus (Chikv) Is An Alphavirumentioning

confidence: 99%

High rates of co-infection of Dengue and Chikungunya virus in Odisha and Maharashtra, India during 2013

Saswat

Kumar

et al. 2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…As a result, cocirculation of CHIKV and DENV has been reported in various geographic areas, including India, Sri Lanka, Gabon, Cameroon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. Consequently, a few studies showing patients coinfected with CHIKV and DENV have been reported in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Gabon (1,5,8,11,14). Although molecular and serologic evidence demonstrated or suggested coinfections in the abovementioned reports, neither CHIKV nor DENV was isolated from these patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

Chang

Shu

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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We report two cases of imported infection in patients who had returned to Taiwan from Singapore: one was coinfected with chikungunya virus and dengue virus type 2, and the other was infected with the same dengue virus. Both viruses were successfully isolated from the coinfected case by using antibody neutralization and a plaque purification technique.Dengue fever, caused by a flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae, is the most prevalent arboviral disease in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, the Pacific and Caribbean islands, and Central and South America (9). Chikungunya, caused by an alphavirus in the family Togaviridae, is endemic to Africa and Asia (12). Both diseases are transmitted to humans by day-biting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, and both diseases have similar clinical symptoms, including fever, rash, and joint pains as well as headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain; a laboratory test is required to distinguish between the two diseases. Thus, many risk factors for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) infections are the same or similar. The urban mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of both viruses throughout most of their geographic range, although Aedes albopictus was recently identified as the main vector of the recently emerged CHIKV E1-226V variant of the African genotype (17).The explosive epidemics of chikungunya in Indian Ocean islands and India since 2004 and the worldwide increase in travel have facilitated the expansion of different strains of CHIKV of the African genotype into overlap areas where DENV is endemic (13). As a result, cocirculation of CHIKV and DENV has been reported in various geographic areas, including India, Sri Lanka, Gabon, Cameroon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. Consequently, a few studies showing patients coinfected with CHIKV and DENV have been reported in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Gabon (1,5,8,11,14). Although molecular and serologic evidence demonstrated or suggested coinfections in the abovementioned reports, neither CHIKV nor DENV was isolated from these patients. Successful isolation of both viruses is needed to conduct basic and applied research on CHIKV and DENV biology, immunology, and pathogenesis, as well as the development of laboratory diagnosis, antiviral drugs, and vaccines.The first and only concurrent isolation of CHIKV and DENV-2, from a single blood specimen taken from a patient in the acute phase of a dengue-like illness in southern India in 1964, was reported by Myers and Carey (10). In their study, the dominance of CHIKV in the coinfected patient's serum, along with growth competition, prevented the initial isolation of DENV-2; isolation was finally accomplished through pretreatment of the acute-phase serum sample with a CHIKV-specific mouse antibody, followed by inoculation into infant mice for in vivo growth. Here we report only the second case confirmed by actual isolation of CHIKV and DENV-2, from a patient returned from Singapore, using an in vitro cell...

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Laboratory confirmation of dengue and chikungunya co-infection

Cited by 46 publications

References 4 publications

High Level of Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Ten American Countries as a Crucial Factor in the Spread of Chikungunya Virus

High Level of Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Ten American Countries as a Crucial Factor in the Spread of Chikungunya Virus

High rates of co-infection of Dengue and Chikungunya virus in Odisha and Maharashtra, India during 2013

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

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