Laboratory-confirmed, health care-associated bloodstream infections in Jordan: A matched cost and length of stay study

Estimating excess length of stay due to healthcare-associated infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of statistical methodology

“…[40,44,78,103] One article from the middle income country group used a regression model [45] and one article used matching on the time to infection. [30] Quality assessment NOS scores of seven or eight were considered as high-quality, five or six as moderate quality and low quality for less than five. Approximately 57% of estimates were of high quality receiving seven or eight stars.…”

“…In middle income countries (where sophisticated data are not routinely collected due to funding constraints) we only identified one study that controls for time-dependence. [30] The We propose that methods that minimise time-dependent bias are used to inform models of cost-effectiveness because only after establishing estimates through appropriate research methods can we combine findings from multiple studies to inform policy decisions.…”

Infection control practices among intensive care unit registered nurses: a Jordanian national study

“…Health care‐associated infections (HCAIs) are a major challenge for hospitals, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). Studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of HCAIs in ICUs is greater than in other units (Suljagic et al , ; Nagao, ), resulting in a substantial increase in hospital mortality, (Ylipalosaari et al , ; Al‐Rawajfah et al , ; Al‐Rawajfah et al , ; Nagao, ) length of stay and overall cost (Al‐Rawajfah et al , ; Al‐Rawajfah et al , ). Exposure to pathogenic microorganisms by seriously ill patients with impaired immunity, and invasive procedures for ICU patients are factors associated with the increased risk of HCAIs in the ICU (McCusker et al , ; Gastmeier et al , ; Vandijck et al , ; Venet et al , ).…”

Risk factors for hospital-acquired infections in teaching hospitals of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia: A matched-case control study

“…Risk factors for such infections vary between different specific site infections, because hospital environments are complex. Previously conducted researches indicated that, longer hospital stays[20,21], gender[22,23], intravascular catheter[24,25], surgery since admission[22,26], intubation[27], mechanical ventilation[28], age of the patient[4,29], type of hospital [4,30], urinary catheter[22,27] were some of the risk factors for hospital acquired infections.…”