Laboratory culture of the aeolid nudibranch Spurilla neapolitana (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia): life history aspects

Schlesinger, Ami; Goldshmid, Rotem; Hadfield, Michael G.; Kramarsky‐Winter, Esti; Loya, Yossi

doi:10.1007/s00227-009-1126-0

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Originally described from the Mediterranean Sea (Delle Chiaje, ), this species has been reported from Israel (Schlesinger et al ., ) to Málaga, Spain (Luque, , ), including the Balearic Islands (Ballesteros, Álvarez & Mateo, ). Within the eastern Atlantic, its geographic distribution ranges from Arcachon (France) (Bouchet & Tardy, ) to Cape Verde (Ev.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling theSpurilla neapolitana(Delle Chiaje, 1841) species complex: a review of the genusSpurilla Bergh, 1864 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidiidae)

et al. 2014

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Spurilla neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1823) was considered to be a species with a broad geographic range and substantial colour variability; however, analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear gene data revealed that it is a complex of five distinct species. Further anatomical and morphological examinations determined that coloration is one of the main diagnostic traits for all five species, although some display substantial colour pattern variation. As a result of this study, S. neapolitana is determined to be restricted to the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic. Spurilla sargassicola Bergh, 1871 from the Caribbean is redescribed and confirmed as a valid species. The name Spurilla braziliana MacFarland, 1909 is retained for western Atlantic and Pacific populations. Two new species are described herein. Spurilla onubensis sp. nov. occurs in Europe, with a range overlapping that of S. neapolitana. Finally, Spurilla dupontae sp. nov. is found in the Bahamas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling theSpurilla neapolitana(Delle Chiaje, 1841) species complex: a review of the genusSpurilla Bergh, 1864 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidiidae)

et al. 2014

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“…Several different taxa are able to carry Symbiodinium: Melibe engeli (Dendronotida) harbours a dinoflagellate acquired from an unknown source (Burghardt et al, 2008); members of the Aeolidida, e.g. Berghia stephanieae and Spurilla neapolitana, ingest Symbiodinium after feeding on Anthozoa (Carroll & Kempf, 1990;Schlesinger et al, 2009;Dionísio et al, 2013); and the feacellinidean Phyllodesmium briareum obtains its symbionts from feeding on the soft coral Briareum violaceum (Burghardt et al, 2008). (ii) Members of the Sacoglossa remove the cell contents of their macroalgal food and specifically sequester the chloroplasts, which are then called kleptoplasts ( Fig.…”

Section: (4) Photosymbioses In Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

et al. 2018

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Mutualistic symbioses are common throughout the animal kingdom. Rather unusual is a form of symbiosis, photosymbiosis, where animals are symbiotic with photoautotrophic organisms. Photosymbiosis is found among sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, molluscs, ascidians and even some amphibians. Generally the animal host harbours a phototrophic partner, usually a cyanobacteria or a unicellular alga. An exception to this rule is found in some sea slugs, which only retain the chloroplasts of the algal food source and maintain them photosynthetically active in their own cytosol - a phenomenon called 'functional kleptoplasty'. Research has focused largely on the biodiversity of photosymbiotic species across a range of taxa. However, many questions with regard to the evolution of the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis are still unanswered. To date, attempts to understand genome adaptations which could potentially lead to the evolution of photosymbioses have only been performed in cnidarians. This knowledge gap for other systems is mainly due to a lack of genetic information, both for non-symbiotic and symbiotic species. Considering non-photosymbiotic species is, however, important to understand the factors that make symbiotic species so unique. Herein we provide an overview of the diversity of photosymbioses across the animal kingdom and discuss potential scenarios for the evolution of this association in different lineages. We stress that the evolution of photosymbiosis is probably based on genome adaptations, which (i) lead to recognition of the symbiont to establish the symbiosis, and (ii) are needed to maintain the symbiosis. We hope to stimulate research involving sequencing the genomes of various key taxa to increase the genomic resources needed to understand the most fundamental question: how have animals evolved the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis?

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“…Within the Aeolidiidae, which is one of the largest aeolidoidean family, the genus Spurilla Bergh , 1864 has been the object of several taxonomic and biotechnological investigations, whereas no chemical data appeared in the literature to date. In the course of our ongoing research on marine molluscs, with the aim at improving the knowledge of the chemistry of scarcely investigated opisthobranch taxa, two distinct Spurilla species, the cosmopolitan Spurilla neapolitana (Della Chiaje, 1841) from Tyrrenian coasts (Bay of Naples, Italy) and Spurilla sp .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] [19] A possible defensive role of aeolid secondary metabolites has been proposed in particular in the genus Phyllodesmium [24] which in contrast to almost all other aeolidoideans do not take up cnidocysts from their soft-coral prey, therefore lacking this typical defensive system. [1] Within the Aeolidiidae, which is one of the largest aeolidoidean family, the genus Spurilla BERGH, 1864 has been the object of several taxonomic and biotechnological investigations, [25] [26] whereas no chemical data appeared in the literature to date. In the course of our ongoing research on marine molluscs, with the aim at improving the knowledge of the chemistry of scarcely investigated opisthobranch taxa, two distinct Spurilla species, the cosmopolitan Spurilla neapolitana (Della Chiaje, 1841) [25] from Tyrrenian coasts (Bay of Naples, Italy) and Spurilla sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of Two Distinct Aeolid Spurilla Species: Ecological Implications

Ciavatta

García-Matucheski

Carbone

et al. 2017

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The lipophilic extracts of two marine aeolid nudibranch molluscs of the genus Spurilla collected in distinct geographical areas have been chemically analyzed. The Et O extracts of the nudibranchs were dominated by the presence of usual fatty acids and sterols and contained terpenoid compounds 1 - 3 as minor metabolites. Spurillin A (1) and spurillin B (3) were new molecules whereas cis-γ-monocyclofarnesol (2) was already reported in the literature as a synthesis product. Interestingly, bursatellin (4), previously isolated from anaspidean molluscs of the genus Bursatella, was found in the butanol extract of both Spurilla species. Compounds 1 - 4 were not detected in the extracts of the sea-anemone preys collected together with the molluscs.

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Laboratory culture of the aeolid nudibranch Spurilla neapolitana (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia): life history aspects

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Untangling theSpurilla neapolitana(Delle Chiaje, 1841) species complex: a review of the genusSpurilla Bergh, 1864 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidiidae)

Untangling theSpurilla neapolitana(Delle Chiaje, 1841) species complex: a review of the genusSpurilla Bergh, 1864 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidiidae)

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

Chemistry of Two Distinct Aeolid Spurilla Species: Ecological Implications

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