Laboratory determination of efficacy of indigenous plant extracts for parasites control

Zahir, Abdul Abduz; Rahuman, Abdul Abdul; Kamaraj, Chinnaperumal; Bagavan, Asokan; Elango, Gandhi; Arumugam, S.; Kumar, Bhanu

doi:10.1007/s00436-009-1405-1

Cited by 91 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, the direct proportion detected between the mortality means and exposure time from 24 to 48 h confirmed what has been reported by several investigators (Abdul Rahuman et al, 2008;Abdu Zahir et al, 2009), which showed gradual buildup in mortalities in relation to time factor post treatments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vitro studies of larvicidal effects of some plant extracts against Anopheles gambiae larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Okbatinsae¹,

Haile²

2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Larvicidal effects of plant extracts against larvae of Anopheles gambiae were studied in the malaria entomology laboratory at Mendefera. The aim of the study was to evaluate ethanol and hot water extracts from leaves of seven different plants, viz., Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus globulus, Tagetes minuta, Datura stramonium, Lantana camara, Ricinus communis and Jatropha curcas, as natural larvicides against third instar larvae of An. gambiae. Insecticidal susceptibility tests were carried out using WHO standard method and the mortality was observed after 24 and 48 h (h) of exposure. The experiment was conducted in complete randomized design in three replications. Data were collected on mortality of mosquito larvae in all the treatments and then subjected to statistical analysis using oneway ANOVA. Most of the tested extracts showed more than 50% mortality. J. curcas (100±0.00%) and R. communis (99.44±0.56) gave significantly higher larval mortalities at 1000 ppm concentration after 48 h of exposure. The experiment also showed that ethanol extracts gave higher larval mortality than hot water extracts and the efficiency of the extracts increased with an increase in the exposure period of the larvae.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vitro studies of larvicidal effects of some plant extracts against Anopheles gambiae larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Okbatinsae¹,

Haile²

2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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“…Recently, increased research activities have been demonstrated on the utilization of plant extracts to treat parasitic diseases in animals, including fish (Madsen et al 2000;Paolini et al 2003;Zahir et al 2009;Wang et al 2009Wang et al , 2010. Buchmann et al (2003) reported raw extracts from garlic (Allium sativum) were used to treat I. multifiliis infestation by killing theronts and tomonts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae) against the fish ectoparasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

et al. 2012

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Abstracts Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is an important fish ectoparasite that often results in significant economic losses to freshwater aquaculture. The search of alternative substances to control infections of I. multifiliis became stringent after malachite green, an effective and widely used chemotherapeutant, is banned on fish farms because of its carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. In this study, the effects of the aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens, which is readily available and affordable, were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results in the in vitro conditions showed that the aqueous extracts of C. frutescens with the ratios (V SS /V T -V SS , the volume of stock solution; V T , the volume of total solution) of 1:32 and 1:64 led to more than 70 % mortality of I. multifiliis theronts during 4 h of exposure and significantly reduced the survival of the tomonts and the total number of theronts released by the tomonts within 22 h (P<0.05). A 96-h bioassay was carried out to determine the acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of C. frutescens to goldfish. No visible effect was observed in the treatments with the aqueous extracts of C. frutescens with the ratios (V SS /V T ) of 1:32, 1:64 and 1:128, while in the other treatments, the erratic behaviour of fish was noted. In addition, in vitro tests demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C.frutescens had an adverse effect on I. multifiliis trophonts in situ. Fish treated with the aqueous extracts of C. frutescens in ratios V SS /V T of 1:32 and 1:64 carried significantly fewer parasites than the control and the other treatments (P<0.05). These results suggest, therefore, that aqueous extracts of C. frutescens have potential for the control of ichthyophthiriasis in the aquaculture industry, though further phytochemical studies will need to be performed for isolation and identification of the active compounds.

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“…A range of LC50 values between 2225.61 ppm-2469.61 ppm within 48 h exposure period. Sakthivadivel and Thilagavathy, Tang et al, [41,42] has also observed LC50 range value between 30.47 mg/ml and 13.58 mg/ml when using petroleum ether extract at 24 h from seeds of A. meucana. However our present investigation observed a low LC50 value (LC50 ranged from 2376.11 ppm(48 h)-2805.43 ppm(24 h)) when using petroleum ether as solvent from leaf of A. indica.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Pupal Emergence Inhibition Activity of Acalypha Indica Leaf Extract Against Dengue Vector, Aedes Albopictus Mosquito

Ashwini¹,

Taju²,

Thirunavukkarasu

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: To investigate the larvicidal activities of six varying extracts of Acalypha indica (A. indica) leaves from family Euphorbiaceae against the dengue mosquito vector, Aedesalbopictus (Ae. albopictus) in laboratory. Methods:Leaves from the study plants were separated, air dried in room temperature, grounded and extracted with different solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and aqueous) by solvent apparatus and aqueous extract by maceration method. The extra solvents were evaporated to obtain crude extracts by using rotary evaporator. The crude extracts of six different solvents were dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) to prepare test dosages of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Third instar larvae of Ae. albopictus were exposed to 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm concentrations of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of A. indica and compared with control to determine the larvicidal effects. Larval bioassays were carriedout according to World Health Organisation (WHO) procedures. The rate of larval mortality was recorded after 24h and 48 h of time exposure. Three duplicate trials were made for each tested dosage. IC50 and IC90 values were calculated by using probit analysis.Results: Based on probit analysis result the 24h and 48h LC50 and LC90 of petroleum ether extract of A. indica against Ae. albopictus was found to be 2805.43 ppm and 2376.11 ppm, 3825.14 ppm and 3327.8 ppm, respectively. An LC50 and LC90 value of chloroform extracts of A. indicaa gainst third instar larvae was found to be 2276.5 ppm and 4015.8 ppm (24h), 2213.36 ppm and 3430.43 ppm (48h), respectively. An LC50 value of 4472.17 ppm and 2469.61 ppm, and LC90 value of 4215.84 ppm was obtained on ethylacetate extract treatment against Ae. albopictus for 24h and 48h exposure, respectively. The 24h and 48 h LC50 and LC90 values of n-butanol extracts of A. indica was found to be 2777.88 ppm and 3628.19 ppm, 2225.61 ppm and 2518.86 ppm, respectively. In the present study, the larvicidal bioassays demonstrated that the n-butanolextract was most effective with 100% mortality against larvae of Ae. albopictus at 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm compared to other extracts. All other extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate) of A. indica at high concentration (4000 ppm and 5000 ppm) manifested a significant (P<0.01 and 0.05) knock down effect of 100% moratality after 24h and 48h exposure. While the third instar lavae of Ae. albopictus were found to be most susceptabile and produced no mortality to ethanol and aqueous extract at varying parts per million. Conclusion:A. indica leaf extract was tested for the first time against dengue vector Ae. albopictus and the results revealed that A. indica can be used to control dengue vector. Further this extract needs to be evaluated under field conditions for proper exploitation of Ae. albopictus mosquito larvae. Thus, the present study provided a first report on A. indica as a prompting mosquito larvicid...

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Laboratory determination of efficacy of indigenous plant extracts for parasites control

Cited by 91 publications

References 47 publications

In vitro studies of larvicidal effects of some plant extracts against Anopheles gambiae larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

In vitro studies of larvicidal effects of some plant extracts against Anopheles gambiae larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Effects of aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae) against the fish ectoparasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Pupal Emergence Inhibition Activity of Acalypha Indica Leaf Extract Against Dengue Vector, Aedes Albopictus Mosquito

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