Laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)

Li, Chenxi; Zhao, Chen; Bao, Jingfeng; Tang, Bo; Wang, Yunfeng; Gu, Bing

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.045

Cited by 134 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…The IgM antibodies are produced as part of the early immune response during the initial stage of the infection, while the IgG antibodies indicate that the disease has entered a recovery period, or may be present if there has been prior infection (89,90). The antibody tests are used in cases where RT-PCR is negative and there is an epidemiological bond to SARS-CoV-2 infection and during the period when symptons are first presented and the viral load is high (91). The false-negative cases, in this type of test, can occur in situations where the antibodies are close to the germline, being able to bind to the SARS-CoV-2 antigens (92).…”

Section: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Diagnosis Strategies: A Patent Review

Nascimento

Santos

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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The emergence of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak represents a challenge for the diagnostic laboratories responsible for developing test kits to identify those infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods with rapid and accurate detection are essential to control the sources of infection, to prevent the spread of the disease and to assist decision-making by public health managers. Currently, there is a wide variety of tests available with different detection methodologies, levels of specificity and sensitivity, detection time, and with an extensive range of prices. This review therefore aimed to conduct a patent search in relation to tests for the detection of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. The greatest number of patents identified in the search were registered between 2003 and 2011, being mainly deposited by China, the Republic of Korea, and the United States. Most of the patents used the existing RT-PCR, ELISA, and isothermal amplification methods to develop simple, sensitive, precise, easy to use, low-cost tests that reduced false-negative or false-positive results. The findings of this patent search show that an increasing number of materials and diagnostic tests for the coronavirus are being produced to identify infected individuals and combat the growth of the current pandemic; however, there is still a question in relation to the reliability of the results of these tests.

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Section: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Diagnosis Strategies: A Patent Review

Nascimento

Santos

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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“…CerTest Biotec 11/13, Altona Diagnostics and Primer Design detected 10/13 samples correctly (van Kasteren et al, 2020). On parallel, the S, N, E and M genes of the virus are the main antigenic targets of antibodies against this virus (Li et al, 2020a). And, different kits for the antigen detection test for SARS-CoV-2 virus are RapiGen, Liming Bio, Savant and Bioeasy.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioeasy showed the highest accuracy for detecting antigen with 89.2% accuracy. As for the antibodies, IgM and IgG are produced within 5-7 days and 10-15 days of infection respectively (Li et al, 2020a). And, the manufacturers of antibody detection tests include Maglumi, Alltest, Clungene, VivaDiag, StrongStep, OrientGene, Dynamiker and MultiG.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And, the manufacturers of antibody detection tests include Maglumi, Alltest, Clungene, VivaDiag, StrongStep, OrientGene, Dynamiker and MultiG. Specificity of these kits is more than 85%, while the total sensitivity ranges from 32% for the detection of a specific antibody to 84% (Li et al, 2020a). A combination of both methods, RT-PCR and antibody tests increases the sensitivity of detecting infection to 98.6% (Wang, 2020).…”

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the period of acute stress and an overwhelming immune response to the corona virus, the body releases increased amount of catecholamines which have a direct toxic effect on heart leading to vasospasm, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (Channappanavar & Perlman, 2017). The angiotensin 2 release caused by binding of virus to ACE-2 receptors results in high blood pressure, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased heart load, leading to occurrence of coronary artery disease (Li et al, 2020a). In another study by Xu and team (2020), biopsy samples taken from a patient who died of COVID-19 on the 14 th day of illness showed evidence of ARDS caused by the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unforeseen challenges to global health system, in particular context to COVID-19 pandemic and health care personnel

Arshid

Mumtaz

Nazir

2020

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which has spread throughout the world in a matter of approximately three months only. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and is the causative agent of a very fatal disease that has had global implications, in healthcare, medical resources and the financial economies. The SARS-CoV-2 has been suggested to have a zoonotic origin, based on the reports of the virus originating from the animal market in Wuhan, China. The disease is spread amongst humans via direct contact and respiratory droplets. The virus mainly infects the respiratory system and also involves other major organ systems. As this is a novel coronavirus, there has not been many studies regarding the virus's infectivity and treatment. However, since its emergence, efforts have been made to differentiate it from other diseases having a similar presentation, for treatment and for production of a vaccine. In this manuscript, we aim to highlight the important traits of the novel coronavirus, the disease COVID-19 and its presentation. The particular focus is based on the effects of COVID-19 on human health and its available therapeutic measure. At the time of this pandemic, the global health systems were not adequately sufficed to appropriately deal with it. Most importantly, and unfortunately, the health care personnel and their health is being largely overlooked during the COVID-19 pandemic. The manuscript is, therefore, an effort to draw the world's attention towards the role of health care workers, the problems they are facing as the frontline soldiers in this unforeseen battlefield and their sustenance during this COVID-19 pandemic situation. The doctors, nurses and other paramedical staff is dealing the COVID-19 suspects and patients on daily basis with merely available precautionary measures across the globe, consequently putting their lives and wellbeing on risks for the sake of humanity. And, with the support of scientific literature and other reliable resources, we aimed with this viewpoint manuscript to highlight the COVID-19 related challenges to global health system, in particular context to health care personnel.

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