Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19

Asgharzadeh, Mohammad; Valiollahzadeh, Mir Reza; Poor, Behroz Mahdavi; Kafil, Hossein Samadi; Asgharzadeh, Vahid; Vegari, Ali; Pourostadi, Mahya; Sanaat, Zohreh; Rashedi, Jalil

doi:10.1097/cpm.0000000000000374

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In this study, male patients had higher incidence of infection (54.1%), which is in agreement with other studies conducted in Iran, China and Italy (8,9,10) . This is likely due to the fact that this disease is communityacquired, and men tend to spend more time outside their homes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is likely due to the fact that this disease is communityacquired, and men tend to spend more time outside their homes. Middle aged individuals were more prone to infection in this study (63%), consistent with findings in Iran (8) , Canada (11) and China (12) . Urban residents were more affected (90.2%) than rural ones, aligning with studies in Iran (13) and India (14) , but in contrast to a study in US (15) where rural residents were more affected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Serum Igm and Igg Titers 2 Weeks and 8 Weeks From Beginning of Symptoms and Their Relation to Severity in Covid-19

Amin,

Al-Shaikhani,

Abdulrahman

2023

JSMC

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BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic, which started in late December 2019, has resulted in a significant number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Estimating serum antibody titers of both IgM & IgG against the coronavirus in patients plays a crucial role in diagnosis and assessing the severity of the infection. ObjectivesOur objective is to assess IgM and IgG levels at 2 and 8 weeks from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms and examine their relationship with disease severity and mortality. Additionally, we aim to determine how these antibody levels relate to patient age, BMI, gender, and any chronic illnesses they may have. Patients and MethodsThis prospective study was conducted at Dr. Hemn Teaching Hospital in Sulaymaniyah, from December 4th, 2021 to March 5th, 2022. It included 33 males and 28 females, aged between 17 and 92 years, all of whom were confirmed to have COVID-19 by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction and/or High-resolution computed tomography. Blood samples were taken 2 and 8 weeks from starting symptoms and processed by ELISA to detect IgM and IgG titers. ResultsMale patients accounted for 54.1%, and 63.93% were between 30-70 years of age, with 90.16% residing in the city center. The majority were non-smokers (68.85%), and 86.89% did not consume alcohol. In terms of infection severity, 22.95% had mild cases, 40.98% were moderate and 36.07% were severe-critical infections. We observed that higher antibody titers in the early phase were associated with increasing severity and mortality. A higher body mass index was identified as a risk factor for elevated antibody production while hypertension and diabetes were not. ConclusionOur findings suggest that higher levels of IgM and IgG antibodies during the early phase of COVID-19 are associated with increased disease severity and, consequently, higher mortality rates. Furthermore, a higher BMI was found to be a risk factor for elevated antibody production. After 8 weeks from symptoms, IgG levels remained elevated, while IgM levels declined sharply.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Serum Igm and Igg Titers 2 Weeks and 8 Weeks From Beginning of Symptoms and Their Relation to Severity in Covid-19

Amin,

Al-Shaikhani,

Abdulrahman

2023

JSMC

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“…Patients with IDA go to medical centers to diagnose their disorders and receive treatments. These centers are highrisk places due to the referral of COVID-19 patients for diagnosis [58] and make anemic patients to a high rate of exposure to the virus and prone them to COVID-19 complications due to impaired immune function. In anemic patients, there is a lack of hemoglobin, a decrease in oxygen supply to vital organs, lymphopenia, and a malfunction of the immune system; all of these have a poor prognosis for COVID-19 [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deficiency Anemia and COVID-19

Taghinejad

Asgharzadeh²,

Poor³

et al. 2022

JoMMID

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a significant health and financial issue in the current century. Despite significant attempts to manage the illness, the transmission routes of the virus and its widespread genomic mutations have led to an increasing number of new infections and mortality rates. In the absence of specific treatment for this new virus, identifying and managing factors affecting the prognosis of the disease is one of the critical strategies to reduce disease mortality. Patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA), who account for an estimated half a billion people globally, are more prone to infections due to immune system disorders. Since they visit hospitals more frequently for followup care and diagnosis, they are more susceptible to becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2. Once infected with SARS-CoV-2, low hemoglobin (Hb) levels and compromised immune systems disrupt the restriction of infection in these individuals, ultimately leading to severe complications of COVID-19.

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“…The definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on real-time RT-PCR, but the positive results of this method differ from 43-89% (25). Symptoms such as lymphopenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and increased C -reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are also seen in these patients (11,22,26).…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Covid-19 and Its Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Why the COVID-19 Is Not Significantly Reduced in Iran?

Asgharzadeh¹,

Mahdavipoor²,

Asgharzadeh³

et al. 2021

ijph

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was transported from China to Iran via passengers. The virus is transmitted through droplets from coughing, sneezing, talking and contact with infected surfaces. Due to high transmissibility in places such as clinics, medical offices, buses and offices where there are large crowds, it spread rapidly in Iran and caused the mortality of a significant number of people, especially the elderly with underlying disease. Preventing travel and gatherings, as well as applying house quarantine in Apr 2020, reduced COVID-19 somewhat but then due to lack of attention to social distancing, reducing the use of masks by the people and inappropriate decisions by the national committee on combating coronavirus (NCCC), including reducing the working hours of public offices and shops, reducing the staff of government offices, monopoly on the distribution of essential materials and supplies, the presence of overcrowding in clinics of medical centers, hospitals, and private clinics caused the decline of the disease in the country to decrease. Measures can be taken to prevent the spread of the virus as much as possible, including: rapid detection of infected people, their isolation, contact tracing, quarantine of people over 65 and under 15, protection of the elderly, prevention of gatherings, forcing the use of protective equipment in possible gatherings, and electronicizing public services.

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Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Serum Igm and Igg Titers 2 Weeks and 8 Weeks From Beginning of Symptoms and Their Relation to Severity in Covid-19

Serum Igm and Igg Titers 2 Weeks and 8 Weeks From Beginning of Symptoms and Their Relation to Severity in Covid-19

Iron Deficiency Anemia and COVID-19

Why the COVID-19 Is Not Significantly Reduced in Iran?

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