Laboratory enhanced surveillance for meningococcal disease in Victoria

Robinson, Priscilla; Griffith, Julia M.; Taylor, Kath; Carnie, John; Jolley, Damien; Hogg, Geoff; Nolan, Terry

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00678.x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is an improvement on meningococcal disease surveillance conducted between 1990 and 1995 in Victoria. That study estimated seven cases unidentified in children aged <2 years, but complete ascertainment for children aged 10–14 years [26]. During this period, no culture was available for 38% of cases [26] compared to our study in the following decade, where more accurate laboratory diagnosis methods using PCR were in use, and many notifications were coming directly from the laboratories themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Using linked birth, notification, hospital and mortality data to examine false-positive meningococcal disease reporting and adjust disease incidence estimates for children in New South Wales, Australia

2015

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Meningococcal disease is a rare, rapidly progressing condition which may be difficult to diagnose, disproportionally affects children, and has high morbidity and mortality. Accurate incidence estimates are needed to monitor the effectiveness of vaccination and treatment. We used linked notification, hospital, mortality and birth data for all children of an Australian state (2000-2007) to estimate the incidence of meningococcal disease. A total of 595 cases were notified, 684 cases had a hospital diagnosis, and 26 cases died from meningococcal disease. All deaths were notified, but only 68% (466/684) of hospitalized cases. Of non-notified hospitalized cases with more than one clinical admission, most (90%, 103/114) did not have meningococcal disease recorded as their final diagnosis, consistent with initial 'false-positive' hospital meningococcal disease diagnosis. After adjusting for false-positive rates in hospital data, capture-recapture estimation suggested that up to four cases of meningococcal disease may not have been captured in either notification or hospital records. The estimated incidence of meningococcal disease in NSW-born and -resident children aged 0-14 years was 5·1-5·4 cases/100 000 child-years at risk, comparable to international estimates using similar methods, but lower than estimates based on hospital data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Using linked birth, notification, hospital and mortality data to examine false-positive meningococcal disease reporting and adjust disease incidence estimates for children in New South Wales, Australia

2015

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“…The distribution of invasive meningococci can also change quickly. The recent upsurge in serogroup C disease in Victoria in adolescents and adults reported by Robinson et al 7 follows what may well be a non‐capsular genetic recombination event in invasive meningococci. A hitherto unrecognized phenotype, C:2a:P1.4(7) appeared in Victoria in 1999 and, in 2000, was isolated from approximately 60% of serogroup C cases 10…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…As the authors point out, recent data became available through enhanced surveillance conducted by the National Neisseria Network (NNN) and, importantly, the data in Australia are now probably more complete and comprehensive than in the US. These data are underpinned by the success of initiatives, such as those described by Robinson et al 7 to enhance data capture on clinical cases of IMD for epidemiological purposes. It is reassuring to see that similar initiatives are also in place in other jurisdictions 8…”

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confidence: 99%

Meningococcal vaccines: Advances but new questions?

2001

J Paediatrics Child Health

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“…Through the 1990s, the incidence of MD due to the ET‐37 complex (associated mainly with C:2a:P1.2,5) and its variants also increased. It was responsible for the outbreak connected with a Penrith (Sydney) nightclub in 1996, 43 and the peak in incidence in Victoria in 1999 44 …”

Section: What Were the Evolving Trends In Human–microbial Ecology Thamentioning

confidence: 99%

Australia's century of meningococcal disease: development and the changing ecology of an accidental pathogen

Patel

2007

Medical Journal of Australia

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Trends in meningococcal disease (MD) over the 20th century in Australia, as in other industrialised countries, have been characterised by epidemics during the two World Wars, a transient rise in incidence in the 1950s followed by endemic disease, and in the 1980s the emergence of a sustained hypersporadic phase. Epidemics occur at times of social upheaval and among marginalised populations, and resolve when living conditions improve. Periodic serogroup A epidemics have been replaced since the 1950s by endemic disease caused mainly by serogroups B and C meningococci. The current hypersporadic plateau in Australia, as in other industrialised countries, is associated with the intercontinental spread of hypervirulent clones of meningococci. The conjugate serogroup C vaccine has reduced the incidence of MD and carriage rates of serogroup C meningococci. However, the vaccine is expensive and its long‐term impact on the emergence of non‐vaccine strains and on nasopharyngeal microecology is unknown. A rising incidence of MD should not be viewed as the action of a virulent microbe exploiting a vulnerable population, but as the emergence of an “accidental pathogen” from an evolving host–microbial ecology. While it is essential to monitor the impact of vaccines on this ecology, we must find ways that can optimise our coexistence with microbes.

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Laboratory enhanced surveillance for meningococcal disease in Victoria

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Using linked birth, notification, hospital and mortality data to examine false-positive meningococcal disease reporting and adjust disease incidence estimates for children in New South Wales, Australia

Using linked birth, notification, hospital and mortality data to examine false-positive meningococcal disease reporting and adjust disease incidence estimates for children in New South Wales, Australia

Meningococcal vaccines: Advances but new questions?

Australia's century of meningococcal disease: development and the changing ecology of an accidental pathogen

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