Laboratory evaluation of hemostasis

Fritsma, George A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-53045-3.00050-7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although TEG evaluates global coagulation, which is influenced by clot initiation, strength, and stability, 47,48 kaolin as an activator does not provide a sensitive assessment of the extrinsic pathway, platelet contribution to clot formation, and fibrinolytic activity. [47][48][49] A previous study showed that aggregometry and flow cytometry were more sensitive indicators of platelet function than were TEG parameters. 50 Thromboelastography with platelet mapping also has been described recently, and was found to reliably identify platelet dysfunction in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrepancy between platelet function assays and TEG findings could be explained by the low dose of thrombin in our platelet assay and the small number of dogs tested in each group (type 2 statistical error). Although TEG evaluates global coagulation, which is influenced by clot initiation, strength, and stability, 47,48 kaolin as an activator does not provide a sensitive assessment of the extrinsic pathway, platelet contribution to clot formation, and fibrinolytic activity 47‐49 . A previous study showed that aggregometry and flow cytometry were more sensitive indicators of platelet function than were TEG parameters 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension

Duler,

Visser,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is caused by increased pulmonary venous pressure. Thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and vasoconstriction mediated by platelets could exacerbate PH.HypothesisDogs with PH will exhibit a hypercoagulable state, characterized by increased platelet activation, platelet‐leukocyte, and platelet‐neutrophil aggregate formation.AnimalsEleven dogs (≥3.5 kg) diagnosed with MMVD and PH and 10 dogs with MMVD lacking PH.MethodsProspective cohort ex vivo study. All dogs underwent echocardiographic examination, CBC, 3‐view thoracic radiographs, and heartworm antigen testing. Severity of PH and MMVD were assessed by echocardiography. Viscoelastic monitoring of coagulation was assessed using thromboelastography (TEG). Platelet activation and platelet‐leukocyte/platelet‐neutrophil interactions were assessed using flow cytometry. Plasma serotonin concentrations were measured by ELISA.ResultsUnstimulated platelets from dogs with MMVD and PH expressed more surface P‐selectin than MMVD controls (P = .03). Platelets from dogs with MMVD and PH had persistent activation in response to agonists. The number of platelet‐leukocyte aggregates was higher in dogs with MMVD and PH compared with MMVD controls (P = .01). Ex vivo stimulation of whole blood resulted in higher numbers of platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with MMVD and PH (P = .01). Assessment of hypercoagulability based on TEG or plasma serotonin concentrations did not differ between groups.Conclusion and Clinical ImportancePlatelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil interaction occur in dogs with MMVD and PH, suggesting that platelets play a role of in the pathogenesis of PH. Clinical benefits of antiplatelet drugs in dogs with MMVD and PH require further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension

Duler,

Visser,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…FXII is activated in vivo by foreign material such as valve prostheses or stance and may lead to thrombosis. [9] Menorrhagia is a hidden threatening disorder that could lead to acute or unanticipated congenital bleeding disorder with increased mortality rate if untreated. .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Combined Deficiency Factors II, X, and XII in a Young Female: A Case Study of Probable Congenital Origin

Abdrhman Bashir

2018

Clin Res Hematol

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Multiple combined deficiency of coagulation factors is presented as an extremely rare hemorrhagic disorder. The presence of this disorder is more likely to occur in communities with high rate of consanguineous marriages. Red Sea State is a province in Eastern Sudan with a high rate of consanguinity. I report here a rare case of multiple coagulation factors deficiency in an Eastern Sudanese 14-year-old young female. Normal reports of ultrasonography in association with endocrine analyses conducted to rule out any gynecological and endocrine causes of bleeding. Complete blood count, coagulation profiles, and simultaneous finding of prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, supported the diagnosed of multiple factors deficiency, confirmed by specific factor assay to reveal the combined deficiency of Factors II, X, and XII. Female with prolonged menstrual cycle (menorrhagia) and recurrent epistaxis without any other discernable causes needs proper assessment for coagulation factors. This abnormality seemed to be a congenital disorder of multiple coagulation factor deficiencies.

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“…A phospholipid, an activator, and calcium were mixed into plasma sample. The time for clot to form was measured [ 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombolytic Effects of Philippine Pit Viper (Trimeresurus flavomaculatus) Venom in Human Blood In Vitro and Ferric Chloride-Induced Cardiac Thrombosis on Swiss Webster Mice In Vivo

Alcachupas¹,

Bellosillo²,

Catolico³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction: Thrombosis is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Thrombolytic agents are used to reduce this burden. Studies pointed out that certain proteins in the venom of several snake species may have potential thrombolytic properties. Trimeresurus flavomaculatus , known as the Philippine pit viper, is found along damp localities in the Philippines. Venoms of closely related species have been shown to exhibit thrombolytic effects in vitro and in vivo. However, no extensive studies yet have been conducted about the thrombolytic effect of T. flavomaculatus venom. Thus, this two-phased study aimed to determine the thrombolytic effect of T. flavomaculatus venom on human blood and ferric chloride-induced cardiac thrombosis in mice. Methodology: Phase 1 was done using clot lysis method to measure thrombolytic activity in vitro. Venom dilutions of 3:4, 1:2, 2:3, and 1:0, positive control (streptokinase), and negative control (normal saline solution) were inoculated to different samples of human blood. Phase 2 measured the thrombolytic activity in vivo. Ferric chloride-saturated filter paper was applied over the cardiac wall for the induction of thrombus formation. Venom dilutions of 1:64, 1:16, 1:4, and 1:1, positive control (streptokinase), and negative control (normal saline solution) were then injected through the dorsal tail vein of mice. After 1 hour, the cardiac tissues were excised for histologic examination. Results: Phase 1 results showed that the venom had significant thrombolytic activity in vitro. Dilutions of 1:0 and 3:4 had no significant differences with streptokinase in vitro. Phase 2 results showed significant lysis in vivo at 1:1, 1:4, and 1:64 venom dilutions. Conclusion: The results indicated that T. flavomaculatus has a potential thrombolytic activity both in vitro and in vivo.

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Laboratory evaluation of hemostasis

Cited by 4 publications

References 97 publications

Platelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension

Platelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension

Multiple Combined Deficiency Factors II, X, and XII in a Young Female: A Case Study of Probable Congenital Origin

Thrombolytic Effects of Philippine Pit Viper (Trimeresurus flavomaculatus) Venom in Human Blood In Vitro and Ferric Chloride-Induced Cardiac Thrombosis on Swiss Webster Mice In Vivo

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