Laboratory experiments with tilted convective plumes on a centrifuge: a finite angle between the buoyancy force and the axis of rotation

Sheremet, Vitalii A.

doi:10.1017/s0022112004008572

Cited by 33 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Eroded TP columns, or Taylor caps, are consistent with observations of the ocean above the Maud rise on the Weddell sea (de Steur and et al, 2007), ice deformation over the Maud rise (Lindsay et al, 2008) and the atmosphere above the Tibetan Plateau (Moore and Semple, 2005). TP columns have also been related to the Jovian Great Red Spot (Hide, 1961;Ingersoll, 1969), the zonal jet structure of the major planets (Busse, 1976;Lian and Showman, 2008, and references therein) and convection in spherical geometries (Sheremet, 2004;Gerkema et al, 2008, and references therein for a recent review).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Taylor–Proudman columns in non‐hydrostatic divergent baroclinic and barotropic flows

Juárez

2009

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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ABSTRACT:The Taylor-Proudman theorem states that the velocity of slow, steady flow in a rotating incompressible fluid does not change along the direction of the rotation axis. This fundamental result has been invoked to explain blocking phenomena observed over topographic features in oceanic and atmospheric flows on Earth and atmospheric patterns observed in giant gas planets even in cases where the assumption of incompressibility fails. The possible existence of Taylor-Proudman columns is analyzed here for a less restrictive family of non-hydrostatic divergent density-stratified flows, including situations where the stratification gradient and rotation axis are not parallel. The results show that Taylor-Proudman-like constraints are possible in baroclinic inviscid and viscous nonlinear flows of constant vorticity, Beltrami flows and low-Rossby-number flows. It is found that (1) the baroclinic term is moderated by a factor of the order of the Rossby number, (2) a conservation law can be found for baroclinic flows and (3) Taylor-Proudman columns will be eroded in viscous flows. One particular result stressed in this note is its interpretation in equatorial regions, where the rotation axis is perpendicular to the main stratification gradient, and it is argued that Taylor-Proudman columns could be difficult to discern with observational parameters from convective cells with only zonal and vertical transport. Copyright

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Taylor–Proudman columns in non‐hydrostatic divergent baroclinic and barotropic flows

Juárez

2009

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…However, this is not the case for our Europan hydrothermal plumes. The importance of the component of planetary rotation perpendicular to gravity (X y ) has not been extensively studied for oceanic convection, with the exception of a remarkable (and remarkably dangerous) experiment by Sheremet (2004), which mounted a large water tank on the end of a rapidly rotating 2.5-m support arm, so that the centripetal acceleration of the tank created a ''gravity'' component perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The MIT GCM allows one to include the X y term in the simulation, which should allow us to reproduce and expand on Sheremet's work, in contexts appropriate to both icy worlds and Earth's oceans, in comparative safety.…”

Section: Horizontal Component Of Planetary Rotationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulations of marine hydrothermal plumes for Europa and other icy worlds

Goodman

Lenferink

2012

Icarus

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“…This problem has both oceanographic applications (Sheremet, 2004), and is addressed in the planetary literature as well (e.g. Busse et al, 1998).…”

Section: Convection In a Rotating Anelastic Spherementioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent convection in an anelastic rotating sphere : a model for the circulation on the giant planets

Kaspi¹

2008

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This thesis studies the dynamics of a rotating compressible gas sphere, driven by internal convection, as a model for the dynamics on the giant planets. We develop a new general circulation model for the Jovian atmosphere, based on the MITgcm dynamical core augmenting the nonhydrostatic model. The grid extends deep into the planet's interior allowing the model to compute the dynamics of a whole sphere of gas rather than a spherical shell (including the strong variations in gravity and the equation of state). Dierent from most previous 3D convection models, this model is anelastic rather than Boussinesq and thereby incorporates the full density variation of the planet.We show that the density gradients caused by convection drive the system away from an isentropic and therefore barotropic state as previously assumed, leading to signicant baroclinic shear. This shear is concentrated mainly in the upper levels and associated with baroclinic compressibility eects. The interior ow organizes in large cyclonically rotating columnar eddies parallel to the rotation axis, which drive upgradient angular momentum eddy uxes, generating the observed equatorial superrotation. Heat uxes align with the axis of rotation, contributing to the observed at meridional emission. We show the transition from weak convection cases with symmetric spiraling columnar modes similar to those found in previous analytic linear theory, to more turbulent cases which exhibit similar, though less regular and solely cyclonic, convection columns which manifest on the surface in the form of waves embedded within the superrotation. We develop a mechanical understanding of this system and scaling laws by studying simpler congurations and the dependence on physical properties such as the rotation period, bottom boundary location and forcing structure.These columnar cyclonic structures propagate eastward, driven by dynamics similar to that of a Rossby wave except that the restoring planetary vorticity gradient 3 is in the opposite direction, due to the spherical geometry in the interior. We further study these interior dynamics using a simplied barotropic annulus model, which shows that the planetary vorticity radial variation causes the eddy angular momentum ux divergence, which drives the superrotating equatorial ow. In addition we study the interaction of the interior dynamics with a stable exterior weather layer, using a quasigeostrophic two layer channel model on a beta plane, where the columnar interior is therefore represented by a negative beta eect. We nd that baroclinic instability of even a weak shear can drive strong, stable multiple zonal jets. For this model we nd an analytic nonlinear solution, truncated to one growing mode, that exhibits a multiple jet meridional structure, driven by the nonlinear interaction between the eddies. Finally, given the density eld from our 3D convection model we derive the high order gravitational spectra of Jupiter, which is a measurable quantity for the upcoming JUNO mission to Jupiter. Glenn Flierl, my...

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Laboratory experiments with tilted convective plumes on a centrifuge: a finite angle between the buoyancy force and the axis of rotation

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Taylor–Proudman columns in non‐hydrostatic divergent baroclinic and barotropic flows

Taylor–Proudman columns in non‐hydrostatic divergent baroclinic and barotropic flows

Numerical simulations of marine hydrothermal plumes for Europa and other icy worlds

Turbulent convection in an anelastic rotating sphere : a model for the circulation on the giant planets

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