Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments in intact and pre-fractured rock

Zoback, Mark D.; Rummel, F.; Jung, Reinhard; Raleigh, C. B.

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(77)90196-6

Cited by 256 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The crack paths for different values of q/p are plotted in Figure 34. The results are consistent with the numerical, analytical, and experimental results reported in [62], [64], and [56], respectively.…”

Section: Complex Variable Integral Equation Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Pressures required to propagate the fracture are high and increase rapidly with the fracture length, 47. This type of behavior has been observed in laboratory experiments [56].…”

Section: Inßuence Of Various Parameters On Propagationsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…A fracture mechanics model [33], [56]- [59] based on the concept of unstable fracture propagation using the fracture toughness criterion, K I = K c , seems more promising. Introduction of an additional condition, namely, ∂(KI −Kc) ∂L ≥ 0 makes it possible to take into account phenomena such as pumping rate-and sizedependence of the breakdown pressure.…”

Section: Hydraulic Fracture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Thermoelastic Hydraulic Fracture Design Tool for Geothermal Reservoir Development

Ghassemi¹

2003

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Section: Complex Variable Integral Equation Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Pressures required to propagate the fracture are high and increase rapidly with the fracture length, 47. This type of behavior has been observed in laboratory experiments [56].…”

Section: Inßuence Of Various Parameters On Propagationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Hydraulic Fracture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Thermoelastic Hydraulic Fracture Design Tool for Geothermal Reservoir Development

Ghassemi¹

2003

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“…However, there was no consistent conclusion on the rate-dependent influence. Some reported an increase in breakdown pressure with increasing injection or pressurization rate in hydrostone , Weber and Ruhr sandstones (Zoback et al 1977), granite (Solberg et al 1980), cement and mortar (Ha et al 2017) and clay shale (Morgan et al 2017), while some others reported an opposite finding in tight gas sandstone (Zeng and Roegiers 2002). Solberg et al (1977) reported there is no difference in breakdown pressures of granite specimens at very slow injection rates of 0.33-3.3 mm 3 /s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Infiltration, Injection Rate and Anisotropy on Hydraulic Fracturing Behavior of Granite

et al. 2018

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Hydraulic fracturing tests on Pocheon granite cylinders at seven different injection rates varying from 1 to 100 mm 3 /s were conducted. They were compared with sleeve fracturing tests in which borehole was sleeved, and therefore, water infiltration influence was excluded. Hydraulic fracturing behavior of granite is significantly influenced by water infiltration, which is closely related to the preexisting microcracks in granite as well as the cleavage anisotropy. There was a threshold injection rate to fracture the granite specimen under given stress conditions. When the injection rate is below the threshold, water infiltrated granite matrix with slow increment of injection pressure, and the specimen finally reached a full saturation without fracturing. Injection pressure developed nonlinearly with time during water infiltration, while approximately linearly when infiltration was excluded. For both hydraulic and sleeve fracturing tests, breakdown pressure increases with increasing injection rate. The breakdown pressures by sleeve fracturing were more than two times higher than those in hydraulic fracturing. X-ray computed tomography (CT) observations show that induced fractures are along the weaker cleavage parallel to the direction of the vertical stress. The higher breakdown pressure results in a larger aperture of fractures in hydraulic fracturing tests.

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“…Here, hydraulic properties and physical behavior of rocks are important to characterize fluid flow pathways and therefore to design hydraulic stimulation experiments [6,7]. Chemical and biological reactions are investigated to avoid scaling and biofilm-induced permeability reduction through scaling and biofilms [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection-Triggered Occlusion of Flow Pathways in Geothermal Operations

Brehme

Regenspurg

Leary³

et al. 2018

Geofluids

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Reasons for injectivity decline were investigated in a low-enthalpy geothermal aquifer in Klaipeda (Lithuania). It is one of the study sites within the DESTRESS project, which demonstrates different stimulation techniques in geothermal reservoirs. Due to low injectivity, production rates from the Lithuanian field are currently reduced, which lead to negative commercial implications for the site. Productivity from the same wells is measured to be 40 times higher. Injectivity decline in aquifers is often related to clogging processes in spatially correlated highly permeable structures, which control the main flow volume. We subdivided clogging processes into (1) physical, (2) chemical, and (3) biological processes and studied them by analyzing fluid and solid samples as well as operational data. The methods we used are fluid and solid analyses in situ, in the laboratory and in experimental setups, statistical interpretation, and numerical modeling. Our results show that the spatially correlating nature of permeable structures is responsible for exponentially decreasing injectivity because few highly permeable zones clog rapidly by intruded particles. In particular, field operations cause changes of the physical, chemical, and biological processes in the aquifer. Mineral precipitation and corrosion are the main chemical processes observed at our site. Microbial activity causes biofilm while fines migration is caused by changes in physical boundary conditions. Moreover, these processes can affect each other and generate further reactions, for example, microbial activity triggers corrosion in surface pipelines.

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Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments in intact and pre-fractured rock

Cited by 256 publications

References 4 publications

A Thermoelastic Hydraulic Fracture Design Tool for Geothermal Reservoir Development

A Thermoelastic Hydraulic Fracture Design Tool for Geothermal Reservoir Development

Effect of Water Infiltration, Injection Rate and Anisotropy on Hydraulic Fracturing Behavior of Granite

Injection-Triggered Occlusion of Flow Pathways in Geothermal Operations

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