Laboratory observations on meltwater meandering rivulets on ice

Fernández, Roberto; Parker, Gary

doi:10.5194/esurf-9-253-2021

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…There is currently no particularly good template, though the work in Dallaston and Hewitt [55] may be a good starting point. Closely linked to cross-sectional shape evolution is the need to be able to predict meandering [57,58], which ultimately should modify our large scale model (10) through the introduction of an evolving tortuosity. Not only is a model for cross-sectional shape now required, but the secondary flows involved in meandering instabilities also need to be accounted for, which also occur at wavelengths comparable to channel width [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that case, H = cM (−b in,x , Q) > 0 downstream of the seal. In that case, we have H + > 0, H − = 0 and b + x < 0 < b − x for the nascent shock, which therefore migrates upstream by equation (58).…”

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, by assuming a fixed flow path and not modelling tortuosity, we are not considering the effect of meanders on flow and channel incision, even though meandering is known to be a common feature of glacier surface streams [e.g. 57,58]. Second, the one-dimensional nature of the model implies not only that there is a single outflow from the lake, which is ultimately likely as two competing outflow channels are presumably prone to instability, with the larger channel persisting while the smaller is abandoned.…”

Section: Model 21 Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is easy to show that these characteristics cannot change direction between seal and barrier since w > H c (Q) and hence, with H r = H + w > H c (Q), p cannot pass through the critical slope p c (Q) at which characteristics change direction. If these characteristics encounter a shock where they collide with characteristics that originate upstream of the seal, the shock is bound to migrate upsteam by (58) 1 , eventually reaching the seal itself.…”

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since we necessarily have b t = −H < 0 in the barrier, ponding in the barrier region is a real possibility as shown in figures 7-8 of the main paper. With w < 0 downstream of the steady lake seal at xm , any ponded section with its own seal height b p downstream of xm is guaranteed to have ḃp < 0 by (58) 2 and (56). Suppose then that such a ponded section forms around the barrier, and denote the upstream end of that ponded section by x p .…”

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

Schoof¹,

Cook²,

Kulessa³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Supraglacial lakes play a central role in storing melt water, enhancing surface melt, and ultimately in driving ice flow and ice shelf melt through injecting water into the subglacial environment and facilitating fracturing. Here, we develop a model for the drainage of supraglacial lakes through the dissipation-driven incision of a surface channel. The model consists of the St Venant equations for flow in the channel, fed by an upstream lake reservoir, coupled with an equation for the evolution of channel elevation due to advection, uplift, and downward melting. After reduction to a 'stream power'-type hyperbolic model, we show that lake drainage occurs above a critical rate of water supply to the lake due to the backward migration of a shock that incises the lake seal. The critical water supply rate depends on advection velocity and uplift (or more precisely, drawdown downstream of the lake) as well as model parameters such as channel wall roughness and the parameters defining the relationship between channel cross-section and wetted perimeter. Once lake drainage does occur, it can either continue until the lake is empty, or terminate early, leading to oscillatory cycles of lake filling and draining, with the latter favoured by large lake volumes and relatively small water supply rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model 21 Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B3 Upstream End Of a Ponded Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

Schoof¹,

Cook²,

Kulessa³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

Schoof

Cook²,

Kulessa³

et al. 2023

J. Fluid Mech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Supraglacial lakes play a central role in storing melt water, enhancing surface melt and ultimately in driving ice flow and ice shelf melt through injecting water into the subglacial environment and through facilitating fracturing. Here, we develop a model for the drainage of supraglacial lakes through the dissipation-driven incision of a surface channel. The model consists of the St Venant equations for flow in the channel, fed by an upstream lake reservoir, coupled with an equation for the evolution of channel elevation due to advection, uplift and downward melting. After reduction to a ‘stream power’-type hyperbolic model, we show that lake drainage occurs above a critical rate of water supply to the lake due to the backward migration of a shock that incises the lake seal. The critical water supply rate depends on advection velocity and uplift (or more precisely, drawdown downstream of the lake) as well as model parameters such as channel wall roughness and the parameters defining the relationship between channel cross-section and wetted perimeter. Once lake drainage does occur, it can either continue until the lake is empty, or terminate early, leading to oscillatory cycles of lake filling and draining, with the latter favoured by large lake volumes and relatively small water supply rates.

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Meandering streamflows across landscapes and scales: a review and discussion

Finotello,

Durkin,

Sylvester

2024

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The study of meandering patterns created by geophysical flows is important for a number of fundamental and applied research topics, including stream and wetland restoration, land management, infrastructure design, oil exploration and production, carbon sequestration, flood-hazard mitigation, and planetary paleoenvironmental reconstructions. This volume, Meandering Streamflows: Patterns and Processes across Landscapes and Scales , contains 13 papers that present field, laboratory, and numerical investigations of meandering channels found in distinct environmental and geological contexts, and focus on how the interactions of different autogenic and allogenic processes, both in the horizontal and the vertical dimension, affect meander kinematics and the resulting morphology, sedimentology, and stratigraphic architecture. In this introductory chapter, we offer an overview of the evolution of scientific research on meandering streams over time, aiming to review and discuss meandering patterns in both fluvial and non-fluvial settings. Additionally, we present a new compilation of data on meander morphological features, drawn from both existing literature and novel sources, encompassing over 8000 meander bends discovered across a diverse array of environments.

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Laboratory observations on meltwater meandering rivulets on ice

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

The drainage of glacier and ice sheet surface lakes

Meandering streamflows across landscapes and scales: a review and discussion

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