Laboratory-Scale Evaluation of the Effects of Water-Filled Pore Space on Emissions of CO2, CH4, N2O, and N2 from Soil-Based Wastewater Treatment

Anderson, Faith L; Cooper, Jennifer; Amador, José A.

doi:10.1007/s11270-019-4294-7

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…5). Truhlar et al (2016) andFernández-Baca et al (2020) found the STU to be net producers of N 2 O immediately after rain events; a similar trend was observed over trenches receiving PE where 60 % of N 2 O emission events were recorded after rainfall events within the preceding 3 h. Studies in other land use scenarios and soil columns have also found positive correlations between N 2 O emissions and soil moisture (Ambus and Christensen, 1995;Anderson et al, 2019), whereby maybe the rapidly changing soil moisture and redox conditions in the soils disrupt the balance of the microbial soil community, leading to periods of partial dentification.…”

Section: Environmental Drivers Of Ghg Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement

2022

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Abstract. Global emissions linked to wastewater treatment are estimated to account for up to 1.5 % of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. However, few studies have measured GHG emissions from domestic on-site treatment systems (DWWTSs) directly. In this study, two DWWTSs were monitored for 446 d and > 42 000 gas flux measurements were conducted using both discrete spot measurements and continuous flux chamber deployments. The observed GHG fluxes from biological activity in the soil and water phase were found to be highly spatially and temporally variable and correlated to environmental factors, water usage patterns and system design. In total, the results show that a septic tank discharging effluent into a well-designed soil treatment unit is estimated to emit a net 9.99 kg-CO2eq.cap-1yr-1, with approximately 63 %, 27 % and 10 % of the total CO2-equivalent net emissions in the form of CO2, CH4 and N2O, respectively. Emissions from the septic tank surface contributed over 50 % of total emissions and tended to be strongly underestimated by one-off discrete measurements, especially when episodic ebullitive events are to be considered. Fluxes from the soil treatment unit (STU) stemmed from both the soil surface and the vent system. Soil fluxes were mostly influenced by temperature but peaked regularly under conditions of rapidly changing soil water content. Vent fluxes were mostly governed by effluent, quality and a low number of high-emission events were responsible for the majority of total observed vent emissions. Owing to the strong overall spatial and temporal heterogeneity of observed fluxes from DWWTSs across all modules, future studies should focus on continuous deployments of a number of flux chambers over discrete measurements to accurately assess GHG emissions from on-site systems. This study also provided insights into managing GHG emissions from DWWTSs by different system configuration design, as well as indicating that the current IPCC emission factors for CH4 and N2O significantly overestimate emissions for on-site wastewater treatment systems.

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Section: Environmental Drivers Of Ghg Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement

2022

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“…The WFPS (ratio in percentage of volumetric soil water content to total soil porosity) was assessed following Anderson et al. [9] and was calculated using Eq. (2) :

where Θm is gravimetric water content (g/g), ρB is bulk density (g/cm 3 ), and ρP is particle density (2.65 g/cm 3 ).…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dataset on soil carbon dioxide fluxes from an incubation with tropical peat from three different land-uses in Jambi Sumatra Indonesia

2021

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Conversion of tropical peat swamp forests to increase and agricultural production has generated substantial peat carbon loss in the Asia-Pacific region. Different land-uses and management practices oxidize the tropical peat at diverse rates due mainly to different water table levels. In recent years, several studies have measured soil carbon dioxide emissions in-situ; however, only few studies have evaluated the effect of moisture on carbon dioxide fluxes in incubation experiments. Here, we present the dataset of an incubation performed with 360 intact peat cores from three different land-uses (i.e. 120 from intact peat swamp forest; 120 from drained logged peat forest; and 120 from oil palm plantation) collected on the peat dome of Jambi Sumatra Indonesia. Different moisture levels in the intact cores were set by either drying the intact peat cores for short period of time or by adding extra water before the incubation. Dynamic dark aerobic incubation in airtight containers coupled with carbon dioxide measurement with an infrared gas analyser and the gas fluxes was used to measure to gas fluxes. The average carbon dioxide fluxes were 5.38 ± 0.91, 4.15 ± 0.35 and 1.55 ± 0.13 µg CO 2 -C g −1 h −1 for the intact peat swamp forest, drained logged peat forest and oil palm plantation, respectively.

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“…Others have reported negative effects of N on CO2 and CH4 flux. For example, the flux of CO2 from agricultural soil decreases in response to amendments with inorganic N (Ramirez et al, 2010), and Anderson et al (2019) found that nitrate addition to soil amended with anoxic septic tank effluent lowered the flux of both CO2 and CH4. Nitrate is potentially toxic to some methanogens (Bollag & Czlonkowski, 1973;Klüber & Conrad, 1998), and its favorable energy yield as a terminal electron acceptor relative to CO2 can suppress methanogenesis.…”

Section: Relationship Between Ghg Flux and Wastewater Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from advanced nitrogen-removal onsite wastewater treatment systems

Ross

Lancellotti

Brannon

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Advanced onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) designed to remove nitrogen from residential wastewater play an important role in protecting environmental and public health. Nevertheless, the microbial processes involved in treatment produce greenhouse gases (GHGs) that contribute to global climate change, including CO2, CH4, N2O. We measured GHG emissions from 27 advanced N-removal OWTS in the towns of Jamestown and Charlestown, Rhode Island, USA, and assessed differences in flux based on OWTS technology, home occupancy (year-round vs. seasonal), and zone within the system (oxic vs. anoxic/hypoxic). We also investigated the relationship between flux and wastewater properties. Flux values for CO2, CH4, and N2O ranged from-0.44 to 61.8,-0.0029 to 25.3, and-0.02 to 0.23 µmol GHG m-2 s-1 , respectively. CO2 and N2O flux varied among technologies, whereas occupancy pattern did not significantly impact any GHG fluxes. CO2 and CH4but not N2Oflux was significantly higher in the anoxic/hypoxic zone than in the oxic zone. Greenhouse gas fluxes in the oxic zone were not related to any wastewater properties. CO2 and CH4 flux from the anoxic/hypoxic zone peaked at ~22-23 o C, and was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen levels, the latter 3 suggesting that CO2 and CH4 flux result primarily from anaerobic respiration. Ammonium concentration and CH4 flux were positively correlated, likely due to inhibition of CH4 oxidation by NH4 +. N2O flux in the anoxic/hypoxic zone was not correlated to any wastewater property. We estimate that advanced N-removal OWTS contribute 262 g CO2 equivalents capita-1 day-1 , slightly lower than emissions from conventional OWTS. Our results suggest that technology influences CO2 and N2O flux and zone influences CO2 and CH4 flux, while occupancy pattern does not appear to impact GHG flux. Manipulating wastewater properties, such as temperature and dissolved oxygen, may help mitigate GHG emissions from these systems.

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Laboratory-Scale Evaluation of the Effects of Water-Filled Pore Space on Emissions of CO2, CH4, N2O, and N2 from Soil-Based Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement

Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement

Dataset on soil carbon dioxide fluxes from an incubation with tropical peat from three different land-uses in Jambi Sumatra Indonesia

Greenhouse gas emissions from advanced nitrogen-removal onsite wastewater treatment systems

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