Laboratory study of wave-induced flexural motion of ice floes

Li, Hongtao; Gedikli, Ersegun Deniz; Lubbad, Raed

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2020.103208

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Our inability to accurately capture climatological changes of sea ice in the polar seas has created renewed interest in the dynamic interaction between sea ice and waves. This has resulted in the last few years in a number of studies that investigate the coupling between sea ice and the ocean through theoretical considerations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], laboratory experiments [8][9][10][11][12], and field experiments [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Despite the advances that these studies bring, there is a growing consensus that further progress in the field can only be achieved through the collection of more observations of waves in ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OpenMetBuoy-v2021: An Easy-to-Build, Affordable, Customizable, Open-Source Instrument for Oceanographic Measurements of Drift and Waves in Sea Ice and the Open Ocean

et al. 2022

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There is a wide consensus within the polar science, meteorology, and oceanography communities that more in situ observations of the ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice are required to further improve operational forecasting model skills. Traditionally, the volume of such measurements has been limited by the high cost of commercially available instruments. An increasingly attractive solution to this cost issue is to use instruments produced in-house from open-source hardware, firmware, and postprocessing building blocks. In the present work, we release the next iteration of the open-source drifter and wave-monitoring instrument of Rabault et al. (see “An open source, versatile, affordable waves in ice instrument for scientific measurements in the Polar Regions”, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2020), which follows these solution aspects. The new design is significantly less expensive (typically by a factor of 5 compared with our previous, already cost-effective instrument), much easier to build and assemble for people without specific microelectronics and programming competence, more easily extendable and customizable, and two orders of magnitude more power-efficient (to the point where solar panels are no longer needed even for long-term deployments). Improving performance and reducing noise levels and costs compared with our previous generation of instruments is possible in large part thanks to progress from the electronics component industry. As a result, we believe that this will allow scientists in geosciences to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of in situ data they can collect under a constant instrumentation budget. In the following, we offer (1) a detailed overview of our hardware and software solution, (2) in situ validation and benchmarking of our instrument, (3) a fully open-source release of both hardware and software blueprints. We hope that this work, and the associated open-source release, will be a milestone that will allow our scientific fields to transition towards open-source, community-driven instrumentation. We believe that this could have a considerable impact on many fields by making in situ instrumentation at least an order of magnitude less expensive and more customizable than it has been for the last 50 years, marking the start of a new paradigm in oceanography and polar science, where instrumentation is an inexpensive commodity and in situ data are easier and less expensive to collect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OpenMetBuoy-v2021: An Easy-to-Build, Affordable, Customizable, Open-Source Instrument for Oceanographic Measurements of Drift and Waves in Sea Ice and the Open Ocean

et al. 2022

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“…Artificial sea n/a Cottier and others (1999), Haas (1999), Shen and others (2003), Sammonds and others (2017), Li and Lubbad (2018), Cheng and others (2019), Oggier and others (2019), Li and others (2021) Cold Room Laboratory Wave generator Nelli and others (2017), Dolatshah and others (2018), Alberello and others (2019) Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Side and bottom heating n/a Artificial sea n/a Naumann and others (2012), Wiese and others (2015) Ice and Environmental Laboratory Artificial sea n/a Roscoe and others (2011) (Continued ) the duration of sea-ice growth and their heat input was assumed to be negligible. Ambient temperature was measured with a PT100 probe placed 0.01 m above the solution surface.…”

Section: Side and Bottom Heating N/amentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the design considerations for the laboratory growth of sea ice

et al. 2023

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Sample collection and field studies of sea ice take place under harsh conditions which, combined with the logistical difficulties and high cost of voyages to the polar regions, limits the abilities of researchers to determine its properties. Observations of laboratory-grown sea ice can help quantify important sea-ice properties and incorporate them into numerical models. The growth of laboratory sea ice requires experimental set-ups that consider the complexity of sea-ice growth. Regulation and monitoring of environmental variables allow for growth and melt conditions to be controlled, manipulated and reproduced. Facilities thus vary widely because of differing research objectives. This paper presents a summary of some of the published sea-ice laboratories that study the physical properties of sea ice and an overview of their major design considerations, such as tank size, freezing method and instrumentation. It also discusses how these design considerations were implemented in the set-up of the new sea-ice growth laboratory at the Marine and Antarctic Research for Innovation and Sustainability. This paper should guide others in designing their facilities as well as in their understanding of other facilities for results comparison.

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“…[ 47 ]). Whereas high

values were used in [ 18 , 19 ], more recent field and laboratory studies suggest that collisions in real sea ice are close to inelastic ([ 48 , 49 ] and references there).…”

Section: Collisional Rheology For Sea Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Granular effects in sea ice rheology in the marginal ice zone

Herman

2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Sea ice in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) consists of relatively small floes with a wide size span. In response to oceanic and atmospheric forcing, it behaves as an approximately two-dimensional, highly polydisperse granular material. The established viscous-plastic rheologies used in continuum sea ice models are not suitable for the MIZ; the collisional rheology, in which sea ice is treated as a granular gas, captures only one aspect of the granular behaviour, typical for a narrow range of conditions when dynamics is dominated by binary floe collisions. This paper reviews rheology models and concepts from research on granular materials relevant for MIZ dynamics (average stress as a result of ‘microscopic’ interactions of grains; μ ( I ) and collisional rheologies). Idealized discrete-element simulations are used to illustrate granular effects and strong influence of the floe size distribution on strain–stress relationships in sheared sea ice, demonstrating the need for an MIZ rheology model capturing the whole range of ‘regimes’, from quasi-static/dense flow in the inner MIZ to the inertial flow in the outer MIZ. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Theory, modelling and observations of marginal ice zone dynamics: multidisciplinary perspectives and outlooks’.

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Laboratory study of wave-induced flexural motion of ice floes

Cited by 6 publications

References 63 publications

OpenMetBuoy-v2021: An Easy-to-Build, Affordable, Customizable, Open-Source Instrument for Oceanographic Measurements of Drift and Waves in Sea Ice and the Open Ocean

OpenMetBuoy-v2021: An Easy-to-Build, Affordable, Customizable, Open-Source Instrument for Oceanographic Measurements of Drift and Waves in Sea Ice and the Open Ocean

Review of the design considerations for the laboratory growth of sea ice

Granular effects in sea ice rheology in the marginal ice zone

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