“…When the literature is examined, in terms of measuring self-efficacy in the field of science, a number of examples can be found, such as a science teaching self-efficacy belief scale, an environmental education self-efficacy scale (Özlü et al, 2013), a selfefficacy scale for laboratory practices in science teaching (Aka, 2016), a self-efficacy belief scale related to knowledge and instruction of the nature of science (Tatar & Özenoğlu, 2018), and a laboratory self-efficacy scale (Akkuş, 2020). Moreover, there are also studies related to developing pre-service teachers' competences for science (Kazempour & Sadler, 2015;Knaggs & Sondergeld, 2015;Menon & Sadler, 2016), teaching science (Hechter, 2011;Mulholland & Wallace, 2001;Narayan & Lamp, 2010;Palmer, 2006;Ramey-Gassert & Shroyer, 1992;Velthuis et al, 2014) and the factors affecting the argumentation instruction (Atabey et al, 2020).…”