Labour Market Flexibilization and its Consequences in Italy

Barbieri, Paolo; Scherer, Stefani

doi:10.1093/esr/jcp009

Cited by 227 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, this conclusion is not tested 9 within a multivariate framework. Yet, it is in line with findings from several single country studies: Barbieri and Scherer (2009) report that the introduction of flexibility in Italy -a country with high protection for existing employment relations -leads to a concentration of atypical employment in entry-level positions. Giesselmann (2009) arrives at a similar conclusion examining the increase of outsiders' low-wage and in-work poverty risks in…”

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confidence: 89%

The Impact of Labour Market Reform Policies on Insiders’ and Outsiders’ Low-Wage Risk

Gießelmann

2014

European Sociological Review

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Taking a cross-national comparative perspective, this study analyses differences in individual determinants of the low-wage risk across institutional settings. It builds on previous research that dealt with the impact of labour market deregulation and commodification on the distribution of labour market risks in advanced economies. It is widely held that such reforms have a particularly adverse effect on labour market outsiders, specifically on entrants to the labour market. We seek to differentiate this assumption and to show that this presumed effect is conditional on the configuration of the bargaining system. Using hierarchical models that match EU-SILC microdata with several macro indicators for 20 countries, we find that, in contexts with a high degree of bargaining centralisation, the relative low-wage risk of entrants and re-entrants from inactivity increases with commodification and deregulation. If bargaining is decentralised, however, the effects of labour market reform policies on insider/outsider disparities are marginal. Additionally, we show that the same still holds true if a measure of employment protection legislation (EPL) is regarded as the moderating institutional filter. We explain these findings with theoretical concerns based on the concept of closure. These predict that centralised bargaining structures and high EPL (or, rather, closed employment relationships) will systematically channel risks produced in the political framework to the periphery of the labour market. Terms of use: Documents inThis is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in European Sociological Review following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version The Impact of Labour Market Reform Policies on Insiders' and Outsiders' Low-Wage Risk / Marco Giesselmann. In: European Sociological Review 30 (2014), 5, p. 5492

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confidence: 89%

The Impact of Labour Market Reform Policies on Insiders’ and Outsiders’ Low-Wage Risk

Gießelmann

2014

European Sociological Review

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“…What these theories fail to account for, however, is that employership is rarely the standard: In almost all European countries and in the United States, there are more self-employed without employees than with employees (Van Stel et al, 2014;OECD, 2015), and most ''solo'' self-employed workers will also never become employers (Millán et al, 2014). On the contrary, there is an increasing body of literature that has linked particular forms of selfemployment to labor market flexibility and so-called ''atypical'' work (Stanwoth and Stanworth, 1995;De Grip et al, 1997;Pernicka, 2006;Muehlberger, 2007;Buschoff and Schmidt, 2009;Barbieri and Scherer, 2009;Kalleberg, 2011). In this alternative perspective, much apparent self-employment arises from outsourcing and subcontracting practices as a way for employers to evade labor legislation and taxes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farewell to the rightist self-employed? ‘New self-employment’ and political alignments

Jansen

2016

Acta Polit

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This study aims to provide theoretical and empirical clarity on whether people in ''new'' and precarious self-employment support the same political parties as those in traditional forms. Theoretical clarity is needed as the voting literature predominantly perceives self-employment in terms of class-based theories or insider/outsider theories, i.e., as a privileged grouping with shared interests as (potential) employers. Alternative perspectives, looking into the heterogeneity and precarization of self-employment have received less attention. Empirically, quantitative data are needed: Previous voting studies have not been able to differentiate the self-employed, either due to the lack of relevant indicators or because of low-N problems. Focusing on the Netherlands, this study addresses these shortcomings by analyzing data among over 800 self-employed without employees, using the Solo Self-Employment Panel. This study finds that the simple association between self-employment and rightist orientations is largely an oversimplification, and for growing segments of self-employment even a misrepresentation.

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“…These important changes were accompanied by labor market developments and policy reforms relevant to the beginning and the middle stages of working life: namely, increased female labor force participation (Scherer and Reyneri 2008); delayed labor market entry because of more time spent in education (Billari and Rosina 2004;Billari and Tabellini 2010); labor market deregulation (Aricò and Stein 2012;Cirillo et al 2017); and a trend toward discontinuous employment and career trajectories among people of working ages (Barbieri and Scherer 2009). Despite these shifts, by Italian standards the country's labor market conditions before the crisis were generally considered favorable (Aricò and Stein 2012), including for young people entering the labor market (Mussida and Sciulli 2016).…”

Section: The Italian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of the Great Recession in Italy: A Wider Geographical, Gender, and Generational Gap in Working Life Expectancy

2018

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Under the pressure of population aging the Italian pension system has undergone reforms to increase labor force participation and retirement age, and, thus, the length of working life. However, how the duration of working life has developed in recent years is not well understood. This paper is the first to analyze trends in working life expectancy in Italy. We use data from a nationally representative longitudinal sample of 880,000 individuals from 2003 to 2013 and estimate working life expectancy by gender, occupational category, and region of residence using a Markov chain approach. We document large and increasing heterogeneity in the length of working life. From 2003From -2004From to 2012From -2013, working life expectancy for men declined from 35.2 to 27.2 years and for women from 34.7 to 23.7 years, increasing the gender gap to 3.5 years. Both young and old were hit, as roughly half of the decline was attributable to ages below 40, half above 40. Working life expectancy declined for all occupational groups, but those in manual occupations lost most, 8.5 years (men) and 10.5 years (women). The North-South economic gradient widened such that men living in the North were expected to work 8 years longer than women living in the South. The fraction of working life of total life expectancy at age 15 declined to record lows at 40% for men and 34% for women in 2012-2013. Policies aiming Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1120 5-018-1910-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 3at increasing total population working life expectancy need to take into consideration the socio-demographic disparities highlighted by our results.

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Labour Market Flexibilization and its Consequences in Italy

Cited by 227 publications

References 26 publications

The Impact of Labour Market Reform Policies on Insiders’ and Outsiders’ Low-Wage Risk

The Impact of Labour Market Reform Policies on Insiders’ and Outsiders’ Low-Wage Risk

Farewell to the rightist self-employed? ‘New self-employment’ and political alignments

The Legacy of the Great Recession in Italy: A Wider Geographical, Gender, and Generational Gap in Working Life Expectancy

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