Lack of adaptation to a new host in a generalist herbivore: implications for host plant resistance to twospotted spider mites in cotton

Miyazaki, Junji; Wilson, Lewis; Stiller, Warwick N.

doi:10.1002/ps.3813

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This could be because the thrips had adapted to the bean plants to some extent after more than one generation. Miyazaki et al (2015) also found an initial reduction in fitness when two‐spotted spider mites changed hosts, followed by rapid adaptation to the new host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of digestive enzymes in the adaptation of Frankliniella occidentalis to preferred and less‐preferred host plants

JunRui

Liu

Hou

et al. 2021

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is an important invasive pest that causes serious damage to vegetables in China. Changes in digestive enzyme activities (α‐amylase, trypsin, and tryptase) and gene expression levels of F. occidentalis were examined after they were transferred to kidney bean, a preferred host, or broad bean, a less‐preferred host. The results showed that α‐amylase and trypsin activities initially decreased in both nymphs and adults after transfer to kidney bean or broad bean plants and they were the lowest in the F1 generation. The α‐amylase and trypsin activities were significantly different among the tested generations. The tryptase activities in the second instars fed on kidney bean plants were not significantly different from those of the controls in nymphs at all three generations, whereas they increased when fed on broad bean plants. Most digestive enzyme genes in both the nymph and adult thrips showed similar changes, decreasing with transfer to kidney bean plants and increasing on broad bean plants. However, the expression levels of the trypsin gene FoTRYP‐1 and the tryptase gene FoTPSB2 in the second instars fed on broad bean and kidney bean plants, respectively, were not significantly different from those of the controls. The expression levels of the four digestive enzyme genes were significantly higher in broad bean than in kidney bean plants. These results indicate that F. occidentalis can adjust its digestive enzyme activities and gene expression levels after being transferred to host plants for which its preference differs and that the changes depend on the specific enzyme, thrips generation, and developmental stage. Findings from this study would provide a basis for further studies to reveal the physiological and ecological bases of the wide host range and strong host adaptability of F. occidentalis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of digestive enzymes in the adaptation of Frankliniella occidentalis to preferred and less‐preferred host plants

JunRui

Liu

Hou

et al. 2021

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…The enzyme activities increased from the F 2 generation regardless of which food was fed to the thrips, which indicated that the thrips had adapted to feeding on higher quality food after the first generation. Consistently, transferring two-spotted spider mites to new hosts decreased their fitness more than they rapidly adapted to the new host, before increasing their fitness within 5 generations ( Miyazaki et al 2015 ). Additionally, after 3 or more generations of adaptation, the digestive enzyme activities in the second-instar larvae and adults of WFTs became stable on transformed hosts, and similar enzyme activities were also reported in Bemisia tabaci ( Li 2009 , Zhou et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Multigenerational variation in the nutrients and digestion of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) depends on the nutritive quality of different foods

Yue

Zhou

et al. 2023

Journal of Insect Science

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Western flower thrips (WFTs), Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera, Thripidae), is one of the most serious pests that attack rose flowers. Little is known about the effect of different parts of the rose flower on nutritional contents and digestive enzyme activities in thrips. This study assessed variations in the nutritional contents and digestive enzyme activities in the second-instar larvae and adults WFTs fed on 3 food types (rose petals, rose flowers, and honey solution + kidney bean pods) for multiple generations. The highest contents of soluble sugar (in 10% honey solution + kidney bean pods), amino acid (in rose flowers), and protein (in rose flowers) were observed, respectively. Soluble sugar and protein contents in the second-instar larvae and adults fed on rose petals decreased in the F1 generation but increased in the F2 generation and remained at higher levels until the F7 generation. Feeding of thrips with 3 food types increased the lipid content in the F1 generation, which peaked in the F2 generation and remained high until the F7 generation. In most cases, α-amylase and trypsin activities significantly decreased in the F1 generation after feeding on rose petals and then prominently increased in the F2 generation. In contrast, chymotrypsin activity remarkably increased and peaked in the F1 generation after second-instar larvae thrips fed on rose petals. There were correlations among the contents of 3 nutrient related positively with the activities of α-amylase and trypsin in WFTs second-instar larvae and adults, respectively. Overall, variations in the nutrient properties of the 3 food types caused changes in nutrient contents and digestive enzyme activities in thrips.

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“…The chemical control of TSSM is relatively expensive and can select for resistance in the mite populations. Exploiting host plant resistance traits to TSSM is a current breeding target for the program and novel germplasm with resistance is now part of the commercial breeding pipeline (Miyazaki et al, 2012(Miyazaki et al, , 2015. Our breeding efforts show that the incorporated TSSM resistance has remained high across consecutive backcross generations when compared to commercial controls (Figure 4).…”

Section: Two-spotted Spider Mitementioning

confidence: 90%

Cotton Breeding in Australia: Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century

et al. 2022

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The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) cotton breeding program is the sole breeding effort for cotton in Australia, developing high performing cultivars for the local industry which is worth∼AU$3 billion per annum. The program is supported by Cotton Breeding Australia, a Joint Venture between CSIRO and the program’s commercial partner, Cotton Seed Distributors Ltd. (CSD). While the Australian industry is the focus, CSIRO cultivars have global impact in North America, South America, and Europe. The program is unique compared with many other public and commercial breeding programs because it focuses on diverse and integrated research with commercial outcomes. It represents the full research pipeline, supporting extensive long-term fundamental molecular research; native and genetically modified (GM) trait development; germplasm enhancement focused on yield and fiber quality improvements; integration of third-party GM traits; all culminating in the release of new commercial cultivars. This review presents evidence of past breeding successes and outlines current breeding efforts, in the areas of yield and fiber quality improvement, as well as the development of germplasm that is resistant to pests, diseases and abiotic stressors. The success of the program is based on the development of superior germplasm largely through field phenotyping, together with strong commercial partnerships with CSD and Bayer CropScience. These relationships assist in having a shared focus and ensuring commercial impact is maintained, while also providing access to markets, traits, and technology. The historical successes, current foci and future requirements of the CSIRO cotton breeding program have been used to develop a framework designed to augment our breeding system for the future. This will focus on utilizing emerging technologies from the genome to phenome, as well as a panomics approach with data management and integration to develop, test and incorporate new technologies into a breeding program. In addition to streamlining the breeding pipeline for increased genetic gain, this technology will increase the speed of trait and marker identification for use in genome editing, genomic selection and molecular assisted breeding, ultimately producing novel germplasm that will meet the coming challenges of the 21st Century.

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Lack of adaptation to a new host in a generalist herbivore: implications for host plant resistance to twospotted spider mites in cotton

Abstract: This 'negative adaptation' indicates robust antibiosis traits in G. arboreum accession BM13H, which therefore have value in developing mite-resistant G. hirsutum cultivars.

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Role of digestive enzymes in the adaptation of Frankliniella occidentalis to preferred and less‐preferred host plants

Role of digestive enzymes in the adaptation of Frankliniella occidentalis to preferred and less‐preferred host plants

Multigenerational variation in the nutrients and digestion of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) depends on the nutritive quality of different foods

Cotton Breeding in Australia: Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century

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