Lack of detection of human retrovirus‐5 proviral DNA in synovial tissue and blood specimens from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis

Piper, Kerryl E.; Hanssen, Arlen D.; Lewallen, David G.; Matteson, Eric L.; Osmon, Douglas R.; Duffy, Mary C.; Hagan, Rochelle A.; Steckelberg, James M.; Patel, Robin

doi:10.1002/art.21690

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In 1999, the group of Venables reported the amplification of human retrovirus-5 (HRV-5) mRNA in synovial membranes from 3/5 OA patients, but not from control individuals (0/13), while viral DNA could be detected in synovial membranes of OA patients (3/9) and one normal subject ( n = 29) [9, 10]. This could not be confirmed in another study, where none of the synovial tissue samples from 75 OA patients tested positive for HRV-5 DNA [26]. Later on, it was shown that HRV-5 is not integrated in human DNA and that this virus belongs to an endogenous retrovirus family found in rabbits and should be renamed RERV-H [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Human Endogenous Retrovirus W Activity in Cartilage of Osteoarthritis Patients

Bendiksen

Martinez-Zubiavrra

Tümmler

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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The etiology of viruses in osteoarthritis remains controversial because the prevalence of viral nucleic acid sequences in peripheral blood or synovial fluid from osteoarthritis patients and that in healthy control subjects are similar. Until now the presence of virus has not been analyzed in cartilage. We screened cartilage and chondrocytes from advanced and non-/early osteoarthritis patients for parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus-1, Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpes virus-6, hepatitis C virus, and human endogenous retroviruses transcripts. Endogenous retroviruses transcripts, but none of the other viruses, were detected in 15 out the 17 patients. Sequencing identified the virus as HERV-WE1 and E2. HERV-W activity was confirmed by high expression levels of syncytin, dsRNA, virus budding, and the presence of virus-like particles in all advanced osteoarthritis cartilages examined. Low levels of HERV-WE1, but not E2 envelope RNA, were observed in 3 out of 8 non-/early osteoarthritis patients, while only 3 out of 7 chondrocytes cultures displayed low levels of syncytin, and just one was positive for virus-like particles. This study demonstrates for the first time activation of HERV-W in cartilage of osteoarthritis patients; however, a causative role for HERV-W in development or deterioration of the disease remains to be proven.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Human Endogenous Retrovirus W Activity in Cartilage of Osteoarthritis Patients

Bendiksen

Martinez-Zubiavrra

Tümmler

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…However, the sequences of some of the clones were identical to sequences of endogenous MMTV proviruses; therefore, these data are also consistent with contamination with murine DNA. Here, it may be worth noting that contamination of human biological samples with animal ERV sequences was described previously (see below) (147,190,397). Irrefutable proof of human infection could be ascertained by cloning the integration sites from breast tissue.…”

Section: Human Mammary Tumor Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, this variation was interpreted to indicate that PCR contamination was not responsible for the data. Critically, in addition to our own laboratory in London, HRV-5 sequences were identified in human tissue extracts by a number of other laboratories in Europe and the United States (147,260,350,397; also see reference 187). Taking this evidence together, HRV-5 appeared to represent a novel exogenous human retrovirus.…”

Section: Human Retrovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human RNA “Rumor” Viruses: the Search for Novel Human Retroviruses in Chronic Disease

Voisset

Weiss

Griffiths

2008

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

145

156

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SUMMARY Retroviruses are an important group of pathogens that cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals. Four human retroviruses are currently known, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, which causes AIDS, and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1, which causes cancer and inflammatory disease. For many years, there have been sporadic reports of additional human retroviral infections, particularly in cancer and other chronic diseases. Unfortunately, many of these putative viruses remain unproven and controversial, and some retrovirologists have dismissed them as merely “human rumor viruses.” Work in this field was last reviewed in depth in 1984, and since then, the molecular techniques available for identifying and characterizing retroviruses have improved enormously in sensitivity. The advent of PCR in particular has dramatically enhanced our ability to detect novel viral sequences in human tissues. However, DNA amplification techniques have also increased the potential for false-positive detection due to contamination. In addition, the presence of many families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) within our DNA can obstruct attempts to identify and validate novel human retroviruses. Here, we aim to bring together the data on “novel” retroviral infections in humans by critically examining the evidence for those putative viruses that have been linked with disease and the likelihood that they represent genuine human infections. We provide a background to the field and a discussion of potential confounding factors along with some technical guidelines. In addition, some of the difficulties associated with obtaining formal proof of causation for common or ubiquitous agents such as HERVs are discussed.

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“…One group reported that human retrovirus 5 proviral DNA was detected in 53% of synovial samples from arthritic joints, in 12% of blood samples from RA patients and in 16% of blood samples from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [18]. However, data from another group contradicts this initial observation, with no association identified between human retrovirus 5 and RA [19,20]. Human retrovirus 5 has been suggested to be a rabbit endogenous retrovirus [21].…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aspects of rheumatoid arthritis: role of environmental factors

et al. 2008

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic inflammatory disease that affects 0.5–1% of the population. RA causes progressive joint destruction that leads to the restriction of activities of daily living and deterioration of quality of life. Although the pathogenesis of RA has not yet been fully elucidated, it is considered to be a complex, multifarious disease that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic influences that contribute to RA susceptibility have been demonstrated both in studies of twins and families, as well as in genome‐wide linkage scans, and it is estimated that genetic factors are responsible for 50–60% of the risk of developing RA. Thus, environmental factors may explain the remaining risk of developing RA. A large variety of environmental factors such as infectious agents, smoking, sex hormones, pregnancy etc. have been extensively studied previously. Understanding of how these factors contribute to the development of RA may lead to the better understanding of pathogenesis of RA.

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Lack of detection of human retrovirus‐5 proviral DNA in synovial tissue and blood specimens from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Human Endogenous Retrovirus W Activity in Cartilage of Osteoarthritis Patients

Human Endogenous Retrovirus W Activity in Cartilage of Osteoarthritis Patients

Human RNA “Rumor” Viruses: the Search for Novel Human Retroviruses in Chronic Disease

Molecular aspects of rheumatoid arthritis: role of environmental factors

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