Lack of Evidence for Microplastic Contamination from Water-Soluble Detergent Capsules

Bayo, Javier; Ramos, B. M.; López-Castellanos, Joaquín; Rojo, Dolores; Olmos, Sonia

doi:10.3390/microplastics1010008

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As can be seen in Figure S8 , 3.02 ± 0.33 MPs/g, 1.48 ± 0.39 MPs/g and 0.75 ± 0.34 MPs/g were found in detergents 1 (cube), 2 (cube) and 3 (pod), respectively. Bayo et al ( 2022 ) analysed 19 commercial brands of dishwashing detergents, finding lower values than those obtained in this study. The weight of each cube/pod was between 16 and 18 g, so detergent contributes between 12 and 52 MPs in each washing programme.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 84%

Contribution of household dishwashing to microplastic pollution

Sol

Menéndez-Manjón

Carrasco

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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At household level, clothes washing has been recognised as an emitter of microplastics (MPs) into the environment and it is supposed that dishwashing is also a source of MPs, although little attention has been paid so far. In this work, the emission of MPs released from dishwashing procedures at household level has been studied. The effect of different parameters such as time, temperature and type of detergent has been analysed. In addition, the MP content of tap water has been evaluated in order to determine its contribution to the MPs in dishwasher effluent. Results showed that when the dishwasher was operated empty with a pre-wash programme (15 min and room water temperature), between 207 and 427 MPs were released per load (3 L), whereas this value increased notably with an intensive programme (164 min and water at 70 °C) (1025–1370 MPs per load, 15 L), which highlighted the effect of temperature and time on MP release. Additionally, when a polypropylene lunch box was washed, the number of MPs released increased by 14 ± 3 MPs and 166 ± 12 MPs of total. Finally, the influence of the use of detergent with the dishwasher empty and containing lunch boxes has been studied. With detergent, 35–54% more MPs were released from dishwasher accessories, whereas no additional release took place from lunch boxes. This work shows for the first time the important contribution of domestic dishwashing to MP pollution and the environmental benefits of using more environmentally friendly materials in both dishwashing machine accessories and food utensils.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 84%

Contribution of household dishwashing to microplastic pollution

Sol

Menéndez-Manjón

Carrasco

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Additionally, many studies have provided estimates of microfiber emissions from synthetic textiles during machine washing. Numerous studies and results show that textiles are among the main potential polluters due to the release of fibres, and that one of the reasons for this is the washing process [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Research has shown that the type of construction itself affects the amount of microfibers released.…”

Section: Textiles—source Of Microplastic Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics in Wastewater by Washing Polyester Fabrics

2022

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Microplastics have become one of the most serious environmental hazards today, raising fears that concentrations will continue to rise even further in the near future. Micro/nanoparticles are formed when plastic breaks down into tiny fragments due to mechanical or photochemical processes. Microplastics are everywhere, and they have a strong tendency to interact with the ecosystem, putting biogenic fauna and flora at risk. Polyester (PET) and polyamide (PA) are two of the most important synthetic fibres, accounting for about 60% of the total world fibre production. Synthetic fabrics are now widely used for clothing, carpets, and a variety of other products. During the manufacturing or cleaning process, synthetic textiles have the potential to release microplastics into the environment. The focus of this paper is to explore the main potential sources of microplastic pollution in the environment, providing an overview of washable polyester materials.

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“…Its size, the type of material, the paint pigments it carries, the substances it absorbs, and the additives applied to plastic increase the harm of microplastics (Karbalaei et ). Some types have carcinogenic effects, as well as polylactic acid (PLA) produced due to the polymerization of lactic acid, which has recently been synthesized to bacteria through fermentation, and plastic types consumed by organisms in nature (Mehta et Bayo et al 2022). For this reason, microplastic detection is one of the phenomenal issues in recent times, and its detection is vital for humans and living life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Microplastic Detection and Classification System Supported by Deep Learning Algorithm

Dal,

Kilic

2024

Preprint

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Microparticles are challenging to detect due to their small size and can harm living things when exposed. Especially microplastics are one of the harmful microparticles. For this reason, detecting microplastics in a vital consumer item such as water is essential. Machine learning in the detection method allows the learning of different types and sizes of microplastics, allowing such systems to work unremittingly in real time. The present study has designed a low-budget, high-accuracy device with a deep learning algorithm that can autonomously classify microplastics according to their size and type. Three lasers with dual beam wavelengths of 405nm, 655nm, and 534nm-807nm, frequently used in laser pointers, are light sources in the sensor. The beams formed by the lasers were combined employing a beam combiner, allowing beams to emerge from a single point. Classification success of up to 100% has been achieved, thanks to the different interference patterns of light sources of various wavelengths. 10µm polystyrene, 8µm polystyrene, and 8µm melamine prepared in different constancy were used as samples in the experiments.

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Lack of Evidence for Microplastic Contamination from Water-Soluble Detergent Capsules

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Contribution of household dishwashing to microplastic pollution

Contribution of household dishwashing to microplastic pollution

Microplastics in Wastewater by Washing Polyester Fabrics

Design and Implementation of a Microplastic Detection and Classification System Supported by Deep Learning Algorithm

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