Lack of genetic diversity in Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses in Turkey: Assessment of present and future patterns of disease

Kalaycioglu, Atila T.; Durmaz, Rıza; Uyar, Yavuz; Ünaldı, Özlem; Aksekili, Ertugrul; Özkul, Aykut; Korukluoğlu, Gülay; Ertek, Mustafa

doi:10.1002/jmv.22224

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…A similar pattern has been observed for tick-borne flaviviruses (Lobo et al, 2009). The relative regional homogeneity of CCHFV has been demonstrated in Turkey by a systematic sampling of local isolates, which showed little genetic diversity and no evidence of ''invasion'' by strains from other regions, suggesting that the marked increase in CCHF that has occurred in Turkey over the past decade has been caused by viruses indigenous to the country (Kalaycioglu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Formation Of Discrete Genetic Lineagessupporting

confidence: 71%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

et al. 2013

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Bente, Dennis A.; Forrester, Naomi L.; Watts, Douglas M.; McAuley, Alexander J.; Whitehouse, Chris A.; and Bray, Mike, "CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity" (2013 b s t r a c tCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most important tick-borne viral disease of humans, causing sporadic cases or outbreaks of severe illness across a huge geographic area, from western China to the Middle East and southeastern Europe and throughout most of Africa. CCHFV is maintained in vertical and horizontal transmission cycles involving ixodid ticks and a variety of wild and domestic vertebrates, which do not show signs of illness. The virus circulates in a number of tick genera, but Hyalomma ticks are the principal source of human infection, probably because both immature and adult forms actively seek hosts for the blood meals required at each stage of maturation. CCHF occurs most frequently among agricultural workers following the bite of an infected tick, and to a lesser extent among slaughterhouse workers exposed to the blood and tissues of infected livestock and medical personnel through contact with the body fluids of infected patients. CCHFV is the most genetically diverse of the arboviruses, with nucleotide sequence differences among isolates ranging from 20% for the viral S segment to 31% for the M segment. Viruses with diverse sequences can be found within the same geographic area, while closely related viruses have been isolated in far distant regions, suggesting that widespread dispersion of CCHFV has occurred at times in the past, possibly by ticks carried on migratory birds or through the international livestock trade. Reassortment among genome segments during co-infection of ticks or vertebrates appears to have played an important role in generating diversity, and represents a potential future source of novel viruses. In this article, we first review current knowledge of CCHFV, summarizing its molecular biology, maintenance and transmission, epidemiology and geographic range. We also include an extensive discussion of CCHFV genetic diversity, including maps of the range of the virus with superimposed phylogenetic trees. We then review the features of CCHF, including the clinical syndrome, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis, vaccine development and laboratory animal models of CCHF. The paper ends with a discussion of the possible future geographic range of the virus. For the benefit of researchers, we include a Supplementary Table listing all published reports of CCHF cases and outbreaks in the English-language literature, plus some principal articles in other languages, with total case numbers, case fatality rates and all CCHFV strains on GenBank.

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Section: Formation Of Discrete Genetic Lineagessupporting

confidence: 71%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

et al. 2013

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“…The M segment nucleotide sequence similarity of these isolates with those derived from patients in 2009 and 2010 analysed in the previous study 26 was ranged from 94.9 to 99.7%. In addition, the sequence similarity between isolates subjected for the present and the previous study and Bulgarian vaccine strain V24/81 was ranged from 94.9 to 95.9%.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Cchfv M-rna Segment Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The one step RT-PCR was carried out in a 50 µl reaction volume containing 10 µl of template RNA, 10 µl 5x reaction buffer, 3 µl of each primer (10 pmol), 2 µl enzyme mix, 2 µl dNTP mix (10 nm each) and 20 µl nuclease free water. The reaction mixture was amplified in a thermocycler at the following conditions: 50°C for 30 min and an initial denaturation of 15 min at 95°C followed by 33 cycles at 94°C for 45 sec, 55°C for 45 sec and 72°C for 1 min followed by a final step at 72°C for10 min 26 . A149 KALAYCIOĞLU, DURMAZ, GÜLDEMİR KORUKLUOĞLU, ERTEK DNA Sequencing: Following amplification of the 890 bp M CCHFV segments, amplicons were purified using Agencourt Ampure (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA) and sequencing reactions were set up.…”

Section: Viral Rna Extraction and Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have indicated the natural occurrence of recombination and reassortment events resulting in worldwide genetic diversity of CCHFV 2,21,23 . Several studies have showed that the majority of CCHFV isolates from infected humans and ticks in Turkey belonged to the European lineage 1 that includes south-western Russia and Balkan Peninsula 8,17,22,[24][25][26] . In addition, some viruses isolated in Turkey were grouped within the European lineage II that originally included CCHFV strain AP92 isolated in Greece 22,[27][28][29] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic analysis studies of CCHFV isolates involved in disease seasons from 2006 to the end of 2010 were conducted by two recent previous studies 22,26 . The results of these studies indicated that CCHFV viruses circulating in Turkey were closely related viruses and belonged to European lineage I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis of the Partial M RNA Segment of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses in Turkey

Kalaycioglu¹,

Durmaz²,

Güldemir³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal tick-borne zoonosis extensively common in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula. CCHF has been reported in Turkey with high frequency since 2002. Genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) isolates circulating in Turkey were studied by two recent studies from 2006 to the end of 2010. Since CCHFV disease has been an important public health concern in Turkey, it is necessary to continue genetic analysis of CCHFV viruses for the assessment of future patterns of disease. The aim of the present study was to genetic analysis of CCHFV isolates derived from infected patients over a two-year period (2011 and 2012) in several provinces of Turkey. Serum samples (n=10) were selected from CCHFV RNA positive patients and subjected to sequence analysis of the gene region encoding partial M segment. The nucleotide sequence alignments of the 10 partial M segments of CCHFV isolates showed that the nucleic acid relatedness of CCHFV isolates ranged from 94.4% to 100%. Phylogenetic analysis of M segment sequences revealed that CCHFV isolates circulating in Turkey belonged to the European lineage I and were closely related to the viruses previously found in Turkey and in the Eastern European-Russian and Balkan Peninsula. The results of the present study indicated the genetic stability and the lack of the genetic diversity of CCHFV isolates circulating in Turkey.

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Towards measles elimination: Phylogenetic analysis of measles viruses in Turkey (2012-2013) and identification of genotype D8

Kalaycioglu

Yolbakan²,

Güldemir³

et al. 2016

J. Med. Virol.

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Molecular characterization of different measles virus (MV) strains is essential to combat the disease. Sixty measles MV strains were obtained from throat swabs or urine of patients in Turkey between 2012 and 2013 and characterized. MV RNA sequences (n = 60) were analysed for 456 nucleotides representing hypervariable domain of the nucleoprotein (N) gene. Of the 60 strains analysed 53 were the D8 genotype, 6 were B3, 1 was D4, and 1 was A. This report describes MV genotype D8 that was involved in a measles outbreak in Turkey. Sequences of most genotype D8 strains (n = 51) were identical to the sequence of variant D8-Frankfurt-Main, which has been associated with outbreaks throughout Europe. Despite the lack of epidemiologic information, a phylogenetic analysis suggested that the genotype D8 MV may have been brought to Turkey from elsewhere. Phylogenetic and epidemiological findings suggested that strains identified in tourists and associated with importation included one strain of genotype D8, one strain of genotype B3, and one strain of genotype D4. These findings from the 2012 to 2013 outbreak in Turkey confirm that pockets of unimmunised individuals are making the country susceptible to measles outbreaks. To prevent further outbreaks, deliberate and sustained effort must be made to reach, and immunise susceptible age groups. Towards measles elimination process, continued molecular surveillance of measles strains in Turkey will help identify transmission patterns of virus and evaluate vaccination efforts. J. Med. Virol. 88:1867-1873, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Lack of genetic diversity in Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses in Turkey: Assessment of present and future patterns of disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

Genetic Analysis of the Partial M RNA Segment of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses in Turkey

Towards measles elimination: Phylogenetic analysis of measles viruses in Turkey (2012-2013) and identification of genotype D8

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