Lack of Impairment in Patients with Parkinson's Disease on an Object-Based Negative Priming Task

Possin, Katherine L.; Cagigas, Xavier E.; Strayer, David L.; Filoteo, J. Vincent

doi:10.2466/pms.102.1.219-230

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…PD patients have previously been reported to have impaired space-based inhibitory processes (e.g., Filoteo et al, 1997;Hsieh, Lee, Hwang, & Tsai, 1997;Wright, Burns, Geffen, & Geffen, 1990), in the presence of intact object-based inhibition (e.g., Possin, Cagigas, Strayer, & Filoteo, 2006). Unlike previous studies that had separately examined space-and object-based inhibitory processes in different PD patients, Possin, Filoteo, Song, and Salmon (2009) examined both processes in the same patients.…”

Section: Ior Effects Are Influenced By Object Presencementioning

confidence: 73%

Successes and failures in producing attentional object-based cueing effects

Reppa

Schmidt

Leek

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Over 30 years of research using Posner's spatial cueing paradigm has shown that selective attention operates on representations of spatial locations, leading to space-based theories of attention. Manipulations of stimuli and methods have shown this paradigm to be sensitive to several types of object-based representations-providing evidence for theories incorporating object-based attentional selection. This paper critically evaluates the evidence demanding object-based explanations that go beyond positing spatial representations alone, with an emphasis on identifying and interpreting successes and failures in obtaining object-based cueing effects. This overview of current evidence is used to generate hypotheses regarding critical factors in the emergence and influence of object representations-their generation, strength, and maintenance-in the modulation of objectbased facilitatory and inhibitory cueing effects.Keywords Selective attention . Object-based . Spacebased . Facilitation . IOR Many different experimental paradigms have been used to investigate the role of objects in visual selection (see Bichot, 1999, andScholl, 2001, for reviews). Through converging operations, strong evidence has emerged revealing that object-based representations can mediate attentional selection. Examples of such paradigms include studies of the attentional blink within and between objects (e. Mari-Beffa, Houghton, Estevez, & Fuentes, 2000;Tipper, Brehaut, & Driver, 1990), visual marking (e.g., Watson & Humphreys, 1998, visual search in multiple-object displays (e.g., Enns & Rensink, 1990;Goldsmith, 1998;Grossberg, Mingolla, & Ross, 1994;Rensink & Enns, 1995;Treisman, 1982;Wolfe & Bennett, 1997), and spatial cueing (e.g., Egly, Driver, & Rafal, 1994;Tipper, Driver, & Weaver, 1991). In each of these literatures, positing that attention operates on representations of objects has provided more thorough and satisfying explanations of data than would simply assuming that attention operates on spatial representations alone. The present review concentrates on evidence for claims of object-based selection from studies using the spatial cueing paradigm. Why spatial cueing?A key motivation for focusing on spatial cueing is that claims have emerged that object-based spatial cueing We gratefully acknowledge Janice J. Snyder for inspiring a comprehensive table-based approach to integrating research findings. This paper benefited greatly from the review process and we thank the editor and the reviewers for their contribution.

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Section: Ior Effects Are Influenced By Object Presencementioning

confidence: 73%

Successes and failures in producing attentional object-based cueing effects

Reppa

Schmidt

Leek

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Since Parkinson's is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, it is again of interest to note that chlorpromazine was associated with elevated NP effects in healthy participants (Beech et al, 1990). Both aforementioned studies applied spatial NP tasks; in an object-based paradigm, patients with Parkinson's did not differ from controls (Possin et al, 2006). Parkinson's disease is defined by motoric symptoms and deficits, so that the applied task properties (spatial vs. nonspatial) might be especially critical.…”

Section: Which Variables Can Explain Individual Differences In Np?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

2015

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Negative Priming (NP) is an influential paradigm in cognitive psychology that was originally developed to measure attentional selection. Yet, up to the mid-1990s, a large number of experimental reports questioned whether the NP effect is based on attentional inhibition and/or episodic retrieval processes. In this review, we summarize findings since the mid1990s and discuss new and old theoretical approaches to Negative Priming. We conclude that more than one process contributes to NP and that future research should analyze the conditions under which a particular process contributes to NP. Moreover, we argue that the paradigm -although it does not measure a single cognitive process alone -is still a useful tool for understanding selection in cognition. In fact, it might be a virtue of the paradigm that several cognitive processes work here together as selection in nonexperimental contexts is surely a multidimensional process. From this perspective, research on NP is relevant for all research fields analyzing selection. We therefore close our review by discussing the implications of the new evidence on NP for theories of selective attention.

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“…A number of studies using space-based attention tasks have identified altered inhibitory processes in PD (Filoteo et al, 1997; Filoteo et al, 2002; Gurvich, Georgiou-Karistianis, Fitzgerald, Millist, & White, 2007; Hsieh, Lee, Hwang, & Tsai, 1997; Wright, Burns, Geffen, & Geffen, 1990; Wylie & Stout, 2002), whereas other studies using object-based tasks show normal inhibition of attention in these patients (Lee, Wild, Hollnagel, & Grafman, 1999; Possin et al, 2006). This selective deficit in attention is similar to the selective deficits PD patients display on tests of spatial working memory as compared to tests of object working memory (Owen, Iddon, Hodges, Summers, & Robbins, 1997; Possin, Filoteo, Song, & Salmon, 2008; Postle, Jonides, Smith, Corkin, & Growdon, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although nondemented PD patients often perform similarly to neurologically healthy individuals on tests that require the facilitatory aspects of orienting (Bennett, Waterman, Scarpa, & Castiello, 1995; Goldman, Baty, Buckles, Sahrmann, & Morris, 1998), they frequently are impaired when conditions promote a conflict between task-relevant and irrelevant information, such as on tests of selective attention (Filoteo, Maddox, Ing, & Song, 2007), negative priming (Mari-Beffa, Hayes, Machado, & Hindle, 2005), and set shifting (Downes et al, 1989). It should be noted, however, that PD patients can perform normally on some attention tasks that require inhibition (Grande et al, 2006; Possin, Cagigas, Strayer, & Filoteo, 2006). …”

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confidence: 99%

Space-based but not object-based inhibition of return is impaired in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2009

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Impairments in certain aspects of attention have frequently been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD), including reduced inhibition of return (IOR). Recent evidence suggests that IOR can occur when attention is directed at objects or locations, but previous investigations of IOR in PD have not systematically compared these two frames of reference. The present study compared the performance of 18 nondemented patients with PD and 18 normal controls on an IOR task with two conditions. In the “object-present” condition, objects surrounded the cues and targets so that attention was cued to both a spatial location and to a specific object. In the “object-absent” condition, surrounding objects were not presented so that attention was cued only to a spatial location. When participants had to rely on space-based cues, PD patients demonstrated reduced IOR compared to controls. In contrast, when objects were present in the display and participants could use object-based cues, PD patients exhibited normal IOR. These results suggest that PD patients are impaired in inhibitory aspects of space-based attention, but are able to overcome this impairment when their attention can be directed at object-based frames of reference. This dissociation supports the view that space-based and object-based components of attention involve distinct neurocognitive processes.

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Lack of Impairment in Patients with Parkinson's Disease on an Object-Based Negative Priming Task

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

Successes and failures in producing attentional object-based cueing effects

Successes and failures in producing attentional object-based cueing effects

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

Space-based but not object-based inhibition of return is impaired in Parkinson's disease

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