Lack of Prospective Associations between Plasma and Urinary Phytoestrogens and Risk of Prostate or Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective into Cancer-Norfolk Study

Ward, Heather; Chapelais, Gaelle; Kuhnle, Gunter; Luben, Robert; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Bingham, Sheila

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0335

Cited by 64 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Also, in another nested case-control study, the highest levels of genistein and equol were significantly associated with a decreased risk of localized prostate cancer (Kurahashi et al, 2008). However, several previous epidemiological studies (Ward et al, 2008;Travis et al, 2012) showed that serum isoflavones concentrations were not associated with risk of prostate cancer. To In this study, we found that counts of Slackia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in Intestinal Flora are Correlated to Serum Concentrations of Equol both in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls in Japanese Men

Sugiyama¹,

Nagata²,

Fukuta³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Isoflavones, which are included in soybeans, have been suggested to protect against prostate cancer. Equol, one of isoflavones, is an intestinally derived bacterial metabolite of daidzein. A newly identified equol-producing bacterium, Slackia sp. strain NATTS, with a high equol-producing activity was isolated from human feces in Japanese adults. Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in intestinal flora have not been assessed with regard to prostate cancer risk. In this study, we investigated the association of serum isoflavones and counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS with prostate cancer risk in a case-control study. Materials and Methods: Concentrations of isoflavones and counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in feces were measured from 44 patients with prostate cancer and 28 hospital controls. The risk of prostate cancer was evaluated in terms of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by the logistic regression analysis. Results: The detection proportions of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in cases and controls were 34.1% and 25.0%, respectively. Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS were significantly correlated with serum concentrations of equol both in cases and controls (Spearman correlation coefficients, r s =0.639 and r s =0.572, p<0.01, respectively). Serum concentrations of genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and equol were not significantly associated with risk of prostate cancer. Conclusions: This study found that counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS correlated with serum concentrations of equol both in prostate cancer cases and controls, but serum isoflavone concentrations were not associated with risk of prostate cancer in our patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in Intestinal Flora are Correlated to Serum Concentrations of Equol both in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls in Japanese Men

Sugiyama¹,

Nagata²,

Fukuta³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…In a nested case -control study of Japanese men, Ozasa et al (2004) found that high serum levels of genistein, daidzein, and equol were associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer. Two reports from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk Study (Low et al, 2006;Ward et al, 2008) did not find any association of either serum or urinary isoflavones with prostate cancer risk. Also, a case -control study in Scottish men reported no association between serum isoflavones and prostate cancer risk (Heald et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Few studies, however, have examined urinary phytoestrogens in relation to prostate cancer risk (Low et al, 2006;Ward et al, 2008). In this case -control study nested within a multiethnic cohort, we assessed the effects of urinary excretion of daidzein, genistein, equol, and enterolactone on prostate cancer risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary phytoestrogen excretion and prostate cancer risk: a nested case–control study in the Multiethnic Cohort

et al. 2009

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BACKGROUND: Phytoestrogens are of special interest in prostate cancer research because populations in Asia with a high consumption of phytoestrogens have a lower incidence of the disease than comparable populations in Western countries. METHODS: This case -control study is nested within a large multiethnic cohort in Hawaii and California. Urine samples were analysed for daidzein, genistein, equol, and enterolactone among 249 incident prostate cancer cases and 404 controls matched on age, race/ ethnicity, date/time of specimen collection, and fasting status. RESULTS: The median excretion of daidzein was 0.173 nmol mg À1 creatinine in cases and 0.291 in controls (P ¼ 0.01), and the median excretion of genistein was 0.048 in cases and 0.078 in controls (P ¼ 0.05). An inverse association was seen for daidzein overall (odds ratio for the highest vs lowest quintile ¼ 0.55, 95% confidence interval ¼ 0.31 -0.98, P trend ¼ 0.03) and seemed to apply to localized (P trend ¼ 0.08) as well as advanced or high-grade cancer (P trend ¼ 0.09). This association was consistent across the four ethnic groups examined. Although the relationship was weaker for genistein, the odds ratios and trends were similarly inverse. Urinary excretion of equol and enterolactone was not significantly related to prostate cancer risk. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that high intake of isoflavones, as reflected by urinary excretion of daidzein and genistein, may be protective against prostate cancer.

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“…Individual participant data were available from seven nested case–control studies by the date of dataset closure (November 2017): the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) (cases diagnosed from June 1999 to January 2003 (designated Phase 1);15 cases diagnosed from February 2003 to December 2006 (designated Phase 2),16 EPIC‐Norfolk17 (for participants not included in either the EPIC Phase 1 or Phase 2), Janus Nordic Biological Specimen Biobank Working Group (NBSBWG),18, 19, 20 Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC),21 Japan Public Health Center‐based prospective Study (JPHC),22 the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS)23 and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort (NSHDC) 24. Three of these studies contributed data on genistein (1,846 cases, 2,200 controls), four had data on daidzein (1,239 cases, 1,675 controls) and equol (1,209 cases, 1,571 controls), five had data on enterolactone (2,828 cases, 5,593 controls) and two studies had data on enterodiol (1,002 cases, 1,197 controls).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the studies and the assay methods are shown in Tables S1 and S2; detailed information on recruitment, ethics approval and inclusion criteria is available in the original publications 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating isoflavone and lignan concentrations and prostate cancer risk: a meta‐analysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies including 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls

Pérez-Cornago

Appleby

Boeing

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Phytoestrogens may influence prostate cancer development. This study aimed to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating concentrations of isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, equol) and lignans (enterolactone and enterodiol) and the risk of prostate cancer. Individual participant data were available from seven prospective studies (two studies from Japan with 241 cases and 503 controls and five studies from Europe with 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls). Because of the large difference in circulating isoflavone concentrations between Japan and Europe, analyses of the associations of isoflavone concentrations and prostate cancer risk were evaluated separately. Prostate cancer risk by study‐specific fourths of circulating concentrations of each phytoestrogen was estimated using multivariable‐adjusted conditional logistic regression. In men from Japan, those with high compared to low circulating equol concentrations had a lower risk of prostate cancer (multivariable‐adjusted OR for upper quartile [Q4] vs. Q1 = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.39–0.97), although there was no significant trend (OR per 75 percentile increase = 0.69, 95 CI = 0.46–1.05, p trend = 0.085); Genistein and daidzein concentrations were not significantly associated with risk (ORs for Q4 vs. Q1 = 0.70, 0.45–1.10 and 0.71, 0.45–1.12, respectively). In men from Europe, circulating concentrations of genistein, daidzein and equol were not associated with risk. Circulating lignan concentrations were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer, overall or by disease aggressiveness or time to diagnosis. There was no strong evidence that prediagnostic circulating concentrations of isoflavones or lignans are associated with prostate cancer risk, although further research is warranted in populations where isoflavone intakes are high.

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Lack of Prospective Associations between Plasma and Urinary Phytoestrogens and Risk of Prostate or Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective into Cancer-Norfolk Study

Cited by 64 publications

References 29 publications

Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in Intestinal Flora are Correlated to Serum Concentrations of Equol both in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls in Japanese Men

Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in Intestinal Flora are Correlated to Serum Concentrations of Equol both in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls in Japanese Men

Urinary phytoestrogen excretion and prostate cancer risk: a nested case–control study in the Multiethnic Cohort

Circulating isoflavone and lignan concentrations and prostate cancer risk: a meta‐analysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies including 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls

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