Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity and Isozyme Patterns in Tissues and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Rats Treated with Monocrotaline Pyrrole

Schultze, A. Eric; Gunaga, K. P.; Wagner, James G.; Hoorn, C.M.; Moorehead, Wells R.; Roth, R. A.

doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1120

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Generally, this disorder does not require medical intervention. Although animal studies report the development of pulmonary damage following an intravenous injection of such pneumotoxicants [11], less is known about the effect of intravenous injection of paraffin in humans. Few case reports describing pulmonary damage after such injection were found [12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the alveolar/blood barrier is also damaged. Cellular enzymes in the extracelluar space, although of no further metabolic function, are still of benefit because they serve as indicators of disturbances of the cellular integrity induced by pathological conditions [11,14,15]. LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in essentially all major organ systems, whose extracelluar appearance is used to detect cell damage or cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The source of the LDH activity from the lung may be inflammatory cells, such as the alveolar macrophage, for which the most prominent LDH isoform is the LDH-5 isoenzyme [11,14,25]. In fact, it is tempting to hypothesize that alveolar macrophages would be rapidly recruited to rid the lung of the lipid, and the elevated LDH-5 activity both in the BAL fluid and the serum is due to the rapid turnover (death) of alveolar macrophages in their clean-up efforts [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCHULTZE et al [11] reported that an intravenous injection of a small dose of monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP), a putative, toxic metabolite of monocrotaline, selectively caused delayed and progressive lung injury, whilst sparing other organs [11]. The increase in total LDH activity in cell-free BAL fluid was due to increased LDH-4 and LDH-5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in total LDH activity in cell-free BAL fluid was due to increased LDH-4 and LDH-5. Presuming that lung tissue values are comparable with BAL fluid levels (and normal values of the LDH-isoenzyme pattern in BAL fluid in humans are not yet available due to technical problems) the values for LDH-isoenzyme activity pattern in lung tissue are presented in table 1 [3,11]. The changes induced in the LDH-isoenzyme pattern suggest that the increased LDH activity of cell-free BAL fluid arose from lung tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BAL fluid LDH activity and LDH isoenzyme pattern in lipoid pneumonia caused by an intravenous injection of lamp oil

Drent¹,

Cobben²,

Henderson³

et al. 1996

Eur Respir J

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B BA AL L f fl lu ui id d L LD DH H a ac ct ti iv vi it ty y a an nd d L LD DH H i is so oe en nz zy ym me e p pa at tt te er rn n i in n l li ip po oi idIn addition to " "foamy" " alveolar macrophages, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis showed an increased number of neutrophils. Moreover, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activities were elevated. The increase seen in LDH activity both in serum and BAL fluid was accompanied by shifts in the isoenzyme pattern in similar directions for both fluids. These findings suggest a pulmonary source for the temporary serum as well as BAL fluid LDH increase.This case indicates the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis as a probe to detect pulmonary injury caused by a pneumotoxicant and, probably, to monitor recovery or deterioration. Eur Respir J., 1996Respir J., , 9, 2416 Case report A 30 year old man was transferred to our hospital from a local hospital. Eight hours before admission he had attempted suicide by injecting 10 mL of lamp oil (liquid paraffin) into a vein in his left elbow. On admission, no abnormalities were found. Over the following hours, the patient's respiratory condition deteriorated requiring mechanical ventilation.Chest radiography revealed a diffuse reticulonodular infiltrative process. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 2 days after admission. Simultaneously, blood samples were taken. No bacteria were seen on Gramstained preparations and culture of BAL fluid remained sterile. Further analysis of the BAL fluid revealed an increased number of cells (32×10 4 cells·L -1 ; reference value for nonsmokers 10.3±1.5×10 4 cells·L -1 ), predominantly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (52%; reference value for nonsmokers 1.3±0.2%) [1].Cell-free supernatant from BAL fluid as well as serum were assayed for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activities. Additionally, protein and albumin contents were determined in cell-free BAL fluid and serum. In serum, the total protein and albumin levels were decreased (table 1). LDH activity was increased in serum to 795 U·L -1 (reference range 200-450 U·L -1 ) [2,3], as well as in BAL fluid (115 U·L -1 ; reference range 20-59 U·L -1 ) (table 1). Alkaline phosphatase activity in BAL fluid was high (145 U·L -1 ; reference range 0-25 U·L -1 ), whereas in serum it was within normal limits (table 1). At this moment, all other laboratory tests including liver function tests were normal. Moreover, on cytocentrifuged preparations of the BAL fluid stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) numerous lipid-laden, "foamy" alveolar macrophages were seen.The diagnosis lipoid pneumonia was based on the clinical picture and the cytological analysis of BAL fluid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

BAL fluid LDH activity and LDH isoenzyme pattern in lipoid pneumonia caused by an intravenous injection of lamp oil

Drent¹,

Cobben²,

Henderson³

et al. 1996

Eur Respir J

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Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions Enhance Therapeutic siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis

Ding

Tang

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Local pulmonary administration of therapeutic siRNA represents a promising approach to the treatment of lung fibrosis, which is currently hampered by inefficient delivery. Development of perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) nanoemulsions as a way of improving the efficiency of pulmonary polycation‐based delivery of siRNA is reported. The results show that the polycation/siRNA/PFOB nanoemulsions are capable of efficiently silencing the expression of STAT3 and inhibiting chemokine receptor CXCR4—two validated targets in pulmonary fibrosis. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the nanoemulsions improve mucus penetration and facilitate effective cellular delivery of siRNA. Pulmonary treatment of mice with bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis shows strong inhibition of the progression of the disease and significant prolongation of animal survival. Overall, the study points to a promising local treatment strategy of pulmonary fibrosis.

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Comparative Cytotoxicity of Monocrotaline and Its Metabolites in Cultured Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells

Taylor

Wilson

Lamé

et al. 1997

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity and Isozyme Patterns in Tissues and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Rats Treated with Monocrotaline Pyrrole

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

BAL fluid LDH activity and LDH isoenzyme pattern in lipoid pneumonia caused by an intravenous injection of lamp oil

BAL fluid LDH activity and LDH isoenzyme pattern in lipoid pneumonia caused by an intravenous injection of lamp oil

Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions Enhance Therapeutic siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis

Comparative Cytotoxicity of Monocrotaline and Its Metabolites in Cultured Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells

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